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We initially established the validity of the Baller Identity Measurement Scale questionnaire and the Student-Athletes\u2019 Motivation toward Sports and Academics Questionnaire-based observations among 441 Brazilian and Portuguese student-athletes. Then, the validated version of the questionnaires was applied to a total sample of 765 student-athletes from Brazil (n= 568) and Portugal (n\u2009=\u2009197). We further considered individual (hours of training and student-athlete status) and contextual characteristics (university type and country). Multilevel regression and poststratification were used to estimate each student-athlete identity and motivation as a function of his or her individual and contextual characteristics. Overall, the predictions showed that cultural (country), academic (type of university), and athletic (training hours) context likely have a substantial influence on student-athletes\u2019 identity and motivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033294119892885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]],"date-time":"2019-12-07T03:18:10Z","timestamp":1575688690000},"page":"1703-1723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Student-Athletes\u2019 Motivation and Identity: Variation Among Brazilian and Portuguese University Student-Athletes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Ricardo T.","family":"Quinaud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6687-9041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos E.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2855-0296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Humberto M.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","volume-title":"Education of young sportspersons. 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