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The HFSS formalism permits the construction of continuous\/discrete input\/output models in a modular and hierarchical manner. Hierarchical systems have a dynamic structure nature that can be changed over time. To show an application of the HFSS formalism, the author presents a new formalism to numerically solve differential equations with discontinuities using multirate integration methods. Applications of combined and dynamic structure systems are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549702078001198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,18]],"date-time":"2003-07-18T22:50:52Z","timestamp":1058568652000},"page":"18-27","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Modeling and Simulation of Dynamic Structure Heterogeneous Flow Systems"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Fernando J.","family":"Barros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Inform\u00e1tica, Universidade de Coimbra, P-3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal,"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"General systems theory: A mathematical foundation","author":"Mesarovic, M. D.","year":"1975"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"A mathematical theory of systems engineering: The elements","author":"Wymore, A. 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