{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T16:26:29Z","timestamp":1777911989601,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pers Soc Psychol Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A variety of studies suggest that a high need for closure\u2014that is, a desire for knowledge that is clear, stable, and unambiguous as opposed to confusing or uncertain\u2014may be associated with greater hostility toward relevant outgroups. Using international attitudes as the context, the authors examine the hypothesis that the relationship between the need for closure and support for military action against Iraq may be moderated by identification with the national ingroup. Specifically, it is expected that this relationship will be moderated by nationalism (i.e., an aggressive form of identification based on a desire for national dominance) but not patriotism (i.e., a more neutral love of one\u2019s country). The data provided a clear pattern of support for this hypothesis and additional analyses indicated that a high need for closure reduced variability about the use of force among the highly nationalistic but not the highly patriotic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167204271588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,31]],"date-time":"2005-03-31T18:02:53Z","timestamp":1112292173000},"page":"621-632","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["The Relationship Between the Need for Closure and Support for Military Action Against Iraq: Moderating Effects of National Attachment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Federico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota-Twin Cities,"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Golec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw School of Social Psychology,"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Dial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota-Twin Cities"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions","author":"Aiken, L. 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