{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T02:16:54Z","timestamp":1775873814705,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Wroclaw","award":["Statutory funding for AS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Statutory funding for AS"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pers Soc Psychol Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167220988373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T12:15:55Z","timestamp":1613996155000},"page":"1705-1721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Affective Interpersonal Touch in Close Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3999-8851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Sorokowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Supreet","family":"Saluja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Sorokowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Fr\u0105ckowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Karwowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Toivo","family":"Aavik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tartu, Estonia"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Akello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gulu University, Uganda"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Alm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stockholm University, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Naumana","family":"Amjad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NUR International University, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Afifa","family":"Anjum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Asao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas at Austin, USA"}]},{"given":"Chiemezie S.","family":"Atama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria"}]},{"given":"Derya","family":"Atamt\u00fcrk Duyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Ayebare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"THETA Uganda, Kampala, Uganda"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3833-7667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlota","family":"Batres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Franklin and Marshall College, USA"}]},{"given":"Mons","family":"Bendixen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}]},{"given":"Aicha","family":"Bensafia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Algiers, 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Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Hakan","family":"Cetinkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Ankara University, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Chabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Conroy-Beam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Santa Barbara, USA"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Contreras-Gradu\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Morelia, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Marco Antonio Correa","family":"Varella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"Cueto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa, Lima, Peru"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Czub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of 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Fotowwat","family":"Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Za\u0165kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Zupan\u010di\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana, Slovenia"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Croy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0146167220988373","first-page":"505","volume-title":"Handbook of environmental psychology","author":"Aiello J. 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