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We argue that scientific leadership should be evaluated: (1) taking into account information of the moment the paper is produced\/published, and (2) in the specific context of the paper, meaning that only previous work relevant for the paper should be taken into account. Based on these two principles, we introduce an alternative approach, using self-citations as a source of information, which eliminates the shortcomings inherent to the [Formula: see text] index. The new measures proposed in this study can be used to complement the traditional performance assessment, namely, through the application of the h-index.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551520950240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T06:32:28Z","timestamp":1597991548000},"page":"131-138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["On the measurement of scientific leadership"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Nadia","family":"Simoes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BRU\u2013IUL (Business Research Unit), ISCTE Business School Economics Department, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE\u2013IUL), Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6546-6325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BRU\u2013IUL (Business Research Unit), ISCTE Business School Economics Department, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE\u2013IUL), Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0165551520950240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161755"},{"key":"bibr2-0165551520950240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.20140850"},{"key":"bibr3-0165551520950240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.20161326"},{"key":"bibr4-0165551520950240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1402-4896\/aad959"},{"key":"bibr5-0165551520950240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/520429a"},{"key":"bibr6-0165551520950240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-018-2994-1"},{"key":"bibr7-0165551520950240","unstructured":"Bornmann L, Ganser C, Tekles A, et al. 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