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retrospective childhood circumstances from Waves 3 and 7), even modest childhood access to 11\u201325 books is associated with higher overall cognition levels, independent of education and other covariates, with greater benefits observed in less-educated adults. Book-rich environments are also associated with a more favorable cognitive trajectory over time, particularly for more educated adults, given the potential for steeper late-life decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings support a critical period model of higher cognitive functioning and a cumulative advantage model of longitudinal change, which also align with reserve-depletion patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08982643261423253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T12:07:34Z","timestamp":1770293254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early Book Access and Cognitive Aging: Longitudinal Evidence on Cognitive Advantages and Rates of Decline"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2907-0443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haosen","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nevada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueming","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1807679116"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15183"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207590500345542"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318278b607"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00f6rsch-Supan A. 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