{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T20:12:03Z","timestamp":1774901523916,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The automotive sector is one of the key users of adhesive bonding, adopting this technology for the manufacture of high performance multi material structures, seeking to reduce vehicle weight and increase overall stiffness. In these industrial applications, the design of bonded structures is supported by numerical models, which require the determination of the mechanical properties of the adhesives and the adherends, taking into account factors such as temperature and strain rate dependence. However, while the design of bonded joints under quasi-static loadings is currently well understood, the design of impact resistant structures is much more complex, since it requires the establishment of accurate models for the strain rate dependent behaviour of the materials used in vehicle construction. This document provides an updated outlook on the research work being performed by the authors in this specific field. Most of the work is devoted to the analysis of the effects of strain rate on the behaviour of adhesives and adhesive joints. This includes high strain rate characterisation of the mechanical behaviour of modern crash resistant adhesives, using both standardised and custom testing procedures. Special experimental equipment has also been developed for impact testing procedures, including high strain rates and mixed mode conditions and full-size specimens. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09544070221135902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T13:39:41Z","timestamp":1669815581000},"page":"3007-3023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An update on the development of techniques for the determination and modelling of the impact behaviour of adhesives and bonded structures used in the automotive sector"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"237","author":[{"given":"Paulo David Pereira","family":"Nunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2750-8184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo Andr\u00e9 de Sousa","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Akhavan-Safar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7721-7118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina da Silva Pereira","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-0865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Jo\u00e3o Camilo","family":"Carbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3272-4591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Filipe Martins","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica e Engenharia Industrial (INEGI), Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9781845690755"},{"key":"bibr2-09544070221135902","volume-title":"Instrumental falling weight impact testing of polymethacrylate and high density polyethylene","author":"Money MW.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr3-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02325839"},{"key":"bibr4-09544070221135902","volume-title":"Development of a drop weight machine for adhesive joints testing","author":"Antunes DDPC","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr5-09544070221135902","unstructured":"Sharma S, Chavan V, Agrawal R, et al. Split-Hopkinson pressure bar: an experimental technique for high strain rate tests. Report, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 2011."},{"key":"bibr6-09544070221135902","volume-title":"Split Hopkinson (Kolsky) bar: design, testing and applications","author":"Chen WW","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr7-09544070221135902","author":"Boland AJ","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Test Eval"},{"key":"bibr8-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmachtheory.2021.104289"},{"key":"bibr9-09544070221135902","author":"Tenreiro AFG","year":"2018","journal-title":"Split Hopkinson pressure bar setup for tensile and compression testing with pneumatic impact actuator"},{"key":"bibr10-09544070221135902","first-page":"163","volume":"360","author":"Wegman RF","year":"1964","journal-title":"ASTM Special Technical Publication - Adhesion"},{"key":"bibr11-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-7781-8"},{"key":"bibr12-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(78)90223-9"},{"key":"bibr13-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-55411-2"},{"key":"bibr14-09544070221135902","author":"Nakayama A","year":"1997","journal-title":"Epoxy resin structural adhesive composition"},{"key":"bibr15-09544070221135902","author":"Ashida T","year":"1994","journal-title":"Epoxy resin adhesive composition"},{"key":"bibr16-09544070221135902","author":"Lutz A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toughened epoxy adhesive composition"},{"key":"bibr17-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00218464.2017.1282349"},{"key":"bibr18-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527647026"},{"key":"bibr19-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/1568561053148449"},{"key":"bibr20-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/01445151211244456"},{"key":"bibr21-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00218469908010487"},{"key":"bibr22-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2014.09.005"},{"key":"bibr23-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2019.102257"},{"key":"bibr24-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1243\/PIME_PROC_1985_199_102_02"},{"key":"bibr25-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1243\/030932403765310563"},{"key":"bibr26-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-7496(98)00023-2"},{"key":"bibr27-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2007.08.004"},{"key":"bibr28-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.347.671"},{"key":"bibr29-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02402827"},{"key":"bibr30-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00218468108073171"},{"key":"bibr31-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-7496(85)90018-1"},{"issue":"8","key":"bibr32-09544070221135902","volume":"04","author":"Lataillade JL","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Phys IV"},{"key":"bibr33-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfracmech.2009.07.013"},{"key":"bibr34-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2013.12.001"},{"key":"bibr35-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10704-009-9337-4"},{"key":"bibr36-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjst\/e2012-01584-4"},{"key":"bibr37-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1464420719836914"},{"key":"bibr38-09544070221135902","volume-title":"Structural adhesive joints in engineering","author":"Adams RD","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr39-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2008.04.003"},{"key":"bibr40-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2017.04.014"},{"key":"bibr41-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2020.102508"},{"key":"bibr42-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00218464.2012.660813"},{"key":"bibr43-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfracmech.2021.108231"},{"key":"bibr44-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2017.02.013"},{"key":"bibr45-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2019.102475"},{"key":"bibr46-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2019.111492"},{"key":"bibr47-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jajp.2022.100103"},{"key":"bibr48-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2013.02.006"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr49-09544070221135902","volume":"234","author":"Borges CSP","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc IMechE, Part L: J Materials: Design and Applications"},{"key":"bibr50-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0954408920916007"},{"key":"bibr51-09544070221135902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0954407020954572"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09544070221135902","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09544070221135902","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09544070221135902","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T02:57:37Z","timestamp":1740797857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09544070221135902"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09544070221135902"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09544070221135902","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-4070","2041-2991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-4070","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-2991","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]}}}