{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:26:52Z","timestamp":1777926412034,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Adhesive bonding is a predominant bonding technique in the aeronautical and automotive industries. Cohesive zone models, used together with the finite element method, are a viable tool to predict the strength of adhesive joints. The main objective of this study is to evaluate experimentally and numerically (by cohesive zone model) the mechanical performance of carbon-fiber reinforced polymer stepped-lap bonded joints submitted to tensile loads, for different overlap lengths ( L\n                    <jats:sub>O<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and adhesives. The failure mode analysis showed a predominant failure type for all adhesives and good correspondence with the numerical predictions. Normalized peel ( \u03c3\n                    <jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and shear ( \u03c4\n                    <jats:sub>xy<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) stresses in the adhesive highly increased with L\n                    <jats:sub>O<\/jats:sub>\n                    , which then reflected on different maximum load ( P\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) evolution with L\n                    <jats:sub>O<\/jats:sub>\n                    , depending on the adhesive's ductility. The damage variable SDEG (stiffness degradation) was also evaluated and emphasized on the smaller damage zone at P\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    for the brittle adhesive. A significant geometry and material effect were found on P\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    of the stepped-lap joints, with benefit for large L\n                    <jats:sub>O<\/jats:sub>\n                    . In this regard, cohesive zone model revealed to be a suitable tool in determining the behavior of different joints. Comparison with joints with aluminum showed that, provided that no carbon-fiber reinforced polymer delamination occurs, stepped-lap joints between carbon-fiber reinforced polymer adherends give better results due to the higher composite stiffness.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0954410020932014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T19:23:44Z","timestamp":1591989824000},"page":"1967-1979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Material and adhesive effect in adhesively-bonded composite stepped-lap joints"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"RFN","family":"Brito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4167-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"RDSG","family":"Campilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Mec\u00e2nica, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEGI \u2013 P\u00f3lo FEUP, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1504-2807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"RDF","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INEGI \u2013 P\u00f3lo FEUP, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7463-6608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"IJ","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Arce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INEGI \u2013 P\u00f3lo FEUP, Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0954410020932014","volume-title":"Structural adhesive joints in engineering","author":"Adams RD","year":"1997","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr2-0954410020932014","volume-title":"Handbook of adhesives and sealants","author":"Petrie EM","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr3-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-55411-2"},{"key":"bibr4-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9781845690755.2.91"},{"key":"bibr5-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2008.04.011"},{"key":"bibr6-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2014.06.023"},{"key":"bibr7-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2019.102427"},{"key":"bibr8-0954410020932014","first-page":"721","volume":"15","author":"Barbosa NGC","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl Adhes Sci"},{"key":"bibr9-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-79056-3"},{"key":"bibr10-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.93"},{"key":"bibr11-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00037233"},{"key":"bibr12-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7683(02)00149-X"},{"key":"bibr13-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0892705702015005736"},{"key":"bibr14-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7683(02)00344-X"},{"key":"bibr15-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10704-006-0072-9"},{"key":"bibr16-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2013.02.006"},{"key":"bibr17-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2018.08.006"},{"key":"bibr18-0954410020932014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kazaz I, Akpinar S and Ozel A. The effects of thermal cycle and nanostructure reinforcement on the shear load in adhesively bonded joints.\n                      Mechanics of advanced materials and structures\n                      . 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