{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:17:32Z","timestamp":1777929452071,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441670400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Time &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Research has shown the importance of prospective thinking in the understanding of individual behaviour across different contexts. However, there has not been extensive attention paid to individuals\u2019 future time perspective (FTP) in non-normative contexts, such as prison, especially using qualitative research methods. In this study, we qualitatively analyse the FTP of 16 Portuguese male prisoners, ranging in age from 24 to 51 years ( M\u2009=\u200935, SD\u2009=\u20098 (idem)) and serving sentences from one to 25 years ( M\u2009=\u20098.6, SD\u2009=\u20097.3). Through content analysis of data obtained in semi-structured interviews, four main categories emerged: life prior to prison, adaptation to prison, activities in prison, and perspectives concerning the future. Considering the primary features of FTP (content, extension, valence), we determined that prisoners develop FTP in different life domains. However, the extension and emotional valence of their FTP were influenced by the sentence time and perceived social support. The results are discussed regarding the importance of counselling and of the construction of future plans in the context of prison as relevant factors for individual adaptability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0961463x15604533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,9]],"date-time":"2015-09-09T20:08:37Z","timestamp":1441829317000},"page":"295-311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Perspectives concerning the future when time is suspended: Analysing inmates\u2019 discourse"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Renato Gomes","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lisbon, Portugal; University of Madeira, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Capelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Madeira, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Madeira, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022427899036002001"},{"key":"bibr2-0961463X15604533","volume-title":"The Psychology of Criminal Conduct","author":"Andrews DA","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr3-0961463X15604533","volume-title":"An\u00e1lise de Conte\u00fado [Content analysis]","author":"Bardin L","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr4-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1414-98932006000400006"},{"key":"bibr5-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa064115"},{"key":"bibr6-0961463X15604533","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Understanding Behavior in the Context of Time. 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Master\u2019s Thesis, Instituto Superior de L\u00ednguas e Administra\u00e7\u00e3o de Leiria, Portugal."},{"key":"bibr24-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10430-000"},{"key":"bibr25-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961463X99008002001"},{"key":"bibr26-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01639625.1985.9967658"},{"key":"bibr27-0961463X15604533","volume-title":"O desafio do conhecimento: pesquisa qualitativa em sa\u00fade [The challenge of knowledge: qualitative research in health]","author":"Minayo M","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr28-0961463X15604533","volume-title":"Sofrimento, desespero e comportamentos suicid\u00e1rios na pris\u00e3o [Suffering, despair and suicide in prison]","author":"Moreira NA","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr29-0961463X15604533","unstructured":"Moreira NA (2009)\n                      Fatores de risco associados \u00e0 idea\u00e7\u00e3o suicida durante a pris\u00e3o preventiva: estudo explorat\u00f3rio\n                      [Risk factors associated to suicideal ideation during preventive prison]. Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Minho, Portugal."},{"key":"bibr30-0961463X15604533","volume-title":"Future Time Perspective and Motivation: Theory and Research Method","author":"Nuttin J","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr31-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970510040056"},{"key":"bibr32-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025327"},{"key":"bibr33-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.learninstruc.2010.08.001"},{"key":"bibr34-0961463X15604533","author":"Picken J","year":"2012","journal-title":"Internet Journal of Criminology"},{"key":"bibr35-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1414-81452006000400009"},{"key":"bibr36-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2161-0045.1997.tb00469.x"},{"key":"bibr37-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1015-5759.22.1.28"},{"key":"bibr38-0961463X15604533","unstructured":"Silva CB (2012)\n                      A vida de ex-reclusos por suas palavras\n                      [Former prisoners\u2019 life in their words]. 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Master\u2019s Thesis, University of Aveiro, Portugal."},{"key":"bibr44-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2012.06.007"},{"key":"bibr45-0961463X15604533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.29.010202.095931"},{"key":"bibr46-0961463X15604533","volume-title":"Case Study Research: Design and Methods","author":"Yin R","year":"2009","edition":"4"}],"container-title":["Time &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961463X15604533","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0961463X15604533","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0961463X15604533","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:37:48Z","timestamp":1777678668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0961463X15604533"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0961463X15604533"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961463x15604533","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-463X","1461-7463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0961-463X","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]}}}