{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:55:44Z","timestamp":1791557744733,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1977,12,1]],"date-time":"1977-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":249782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Group &amp; Organization Studies"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this review was to examine published research on small-group development done in the last ten years that would constitute an empirical test of Tuckman's (1965) hypothesis that groups go through the stages of \"forming,\" \"storming,\" \"norming,\" and \"performing.\" Of the twenty-two studies reviewed, only one set out to directly test this hypothesis, although many of the others could be related to it. Following a review of these studies, a fifth stage, \"adjourning,\" was added to the hypothesis, and more empirical work was recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/105960117700200404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,11]],"date-time":"2007-03-11T03:49:28Z","timestamp":1173584968000},"page":"419-427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1616,"title":["Stages of Small-Group Development Revisited"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Bruce W.","family":"Tuckman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Ann C.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1977,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104649647500600402"},{"key":"atypb2","first-page":"112","volume":"5","author":"Braaten, L.J.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Interpersonal Development"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002188636800400203"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104649647300400302"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1967.21.2.630"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(197101)27:1<146::AID-JCLP2270270137>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207284.1974.11491836"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002188637200800202"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002188637100700604"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.1973.9922630"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"The development of the member-trainer relationship in self-analytic groups","author":"Mann, R.D.","year":"1971"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Interpersonal styles and group development","author":"Mann, R.D.","year":"1967"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Group transformation","author":"Mills, T.M.","year":"1964"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002188637100700204"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.125.7.928"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1966.19.2.475"},{"key":"atypb17","first-page":"1334","volume":"1","author":"Spitz, H.","year":"1973","journal-title":"N. Y State Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000271281"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0022100"},{"key":"atypb20","volume-title":"The theory andpractice of group psychotherapy","author":"Yalom, I.","year":"1970"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002188636900500207"}],"container-title":["Group &amp; Organization Studies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/105960117700200404","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/105960117700200404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:07:22Z","timestamp":1777446442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/105960117700200404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1977,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/105960117700200404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/105960117700200404","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-1082"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-1082","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1977,12]]}}}