{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T03:51:38Z","timestamp":1777780298882,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,21]],"date-time":"2012-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1332288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Atten Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) assess symptoms specific to adults that are frequently used and have been translated into German. The current study tests the factor structure of the CAARS in a large sample of German adults with ADHD and compares the means of the CAARS subscales with those of healthy German controls. Method: CAARS were completed by 466 participants with ADHD and 851 healthy control participants. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to establish model fit with the American original. Comparisons between participants with ADHD and healthy controls and influences of gender, age, and degree of education were analyzed. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed a very good fit with the model for the American original. Differences between ADHD participants and healthy controls on all Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales\u2013Self-Report (CAARS-S) subscales were substantial and significant. Conclusion: The factor structure of the original American model was successfully replicated in this sample of adult German ADHD participants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054711435680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,23]],"date-time":"2012-03-23T11:52:36Z","timestamp":1332503556000},"page":"690-698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["German Validation of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale\u2013Self-Report"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hanna","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Philipps University Marburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice\/Family Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Philipsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Oades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Swantje","family":"Matthies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Hebebrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Ueckermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Abdel-Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Kraemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alfried-Krupp Hospital, Essen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Wiltfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Colla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max-Delbr\u00fcck Center and Charit\u00e9, Berlin, Germany"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Sobanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Alm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"R\u00f6sler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saarland University, Homburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wuerzburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Jans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wuerzburg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Huss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Mainz, Germany"}]},{"given":"Benno G.","family":"Schimmelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Kis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1087054711435680","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statisical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-1087054711435680","volume-title":"AmosTM","author":"Arbuckle J. 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