{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T11:03:57Z","timestamp":1767611037312,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640822400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Pluriannual Funding of I&D Unit (UIDP\/50012\/2020),"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Pluriannual Funding of I&D Unit (UIDP\/50012\/2020),"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The International Journal of Evidence &amp; Proof"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The introduction of biological evidence in judicial settings raises particular modes of entanglement between professional cultures and perceptions of the probative value of evidence. When DNA evidence reaches court, it also challenges the perceived margins of critical assessment of the work and understandings of previous links in the chain of custody, like the criminal police, forensic experts and the public prosecution services. Given the apparent neutrality of judicial institutions, how do Portuguese judges perceive and value biological evidence? And how do judges see their articulation with other operators of the criminal justice system? An analysis of 14 interviews carried out with Portuguese judges reveals the challenges in the evaluation of biological evidence, which is characterised as a \u2018safe haven\u2019, grounded as it is on an indisputable scientific authority. The suggestion of the presence of a cultural rift emerges, which, taken with the work of other epistemic cultures, leads to biological evidence being seen as \u2018ready-made evidence\u2019 on its arrival in court, thus limiting the role of judges in its appraisal. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/13657127211070331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T13:32:30Z","timestamp":1640871150000},"page":"121-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["DNA as \u2018ready-made evidence\u2019: An analysis of Portuguese judges\u2019 views"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5786-5764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Studies - Associate Laboratory, University of Coimbra, Col\u00e9gio de S. Jer\u00f3nimo, Apartado 3087, 3000-995 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14636778.2012.687083"},{"key":"bibr2-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511819582"},{"key":"bibr3-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20857"},{"key":"bibr4-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2010.09.004"},{"key":"bibr5-13657127211070331","first-page":"179","volume-title":"Human Behavior and Social Process: An Interactionist Approach","author":"Blumer H","year":"1962"},{"volume-title":"Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis","year":"2006","author":"Charmaz K","key":"bibr6-13657127211070331"},{"key":"bibr7-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412985833"},{"key":"bibr8-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511778193.007"},{"key":"bibr9-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14636778.2017.1394835"},{"key":"bibr10-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10611-019-09869-y"},{"key":"bibr11-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2019.06.003"},{"key":"bibr12-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030631298028005004"},{"key":"bibr13-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030631292022004002"},{"key":"bibr14-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2928741"},{"volume-title":"Agency and Structure in the History of DNA Profiling: The Stabilization and Standardization of a new Technology","year":"2003","author":"Derksen L","key":"bibr15-13657127211070331"},{"key":"bibr16-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2005.10.017"},{"key":"bibr17-13657127211070331","first-page":"669","volume-title":"Science in the Twentieth Century","author":"Galison P","year":"1997"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr18-13657127211070331","first-page":"1","volume":"95","author":"Garrett BL","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virginia Law Review"},{"key":"bibr19-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2095325"},{"key":"bibr20-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2016.02.015"},{"key":"bibr21-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674039124"},{"key":"bibr22-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-720X.2006.00038.x"},{"key":"bibr23-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674039681"},{"key":"bibr24-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14636778.2012.687084"},{"key":"bibr25-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306312712472572"},{"volume-title":"The Social Life of Forensic Evidence","year":"2016","author":"Kruse C","key":"bibr26-13657127211070331"},{"volume-title":"Science in Action. How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society","year":"1987","author":"Latour B","key":"bibr27-13657127211070331"},{"key":"bibr28-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306312712465665"},{"key":"bibr29-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315760551"},{"key":"bibr30-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306312710378787"},{"volume-title":"Aprova a Lei de Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Criminal","year":"2008","author":"Law n\u00b0. 49\/2008","key":"bibr31-13657127211070331"},{"key":"bibr32-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030631298028005007"},{"key":"bibr33-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-9327(03)00068-1"},{"key":"bibr34-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226498089.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr35-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030631298028005001"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr36-13657127211070331","first-page":"84","volume":"5","author":"Machado H","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista Cr\u00edtica de Ci\u00eancias Sociais"},{"volume-title":"Forensic Identification and Criminal Justice: Forensic Science, Justice and Risk","year":"2006","author":"McCartney C","key":"bibr37-13657127211070331"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr38-13657127211070331","first-page":"721","volume":"95","author":"Murphy E","year":"2007","journal-title":"California Law Review"},{"key":"bibr39-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjc\/azq055"},{"key":"bibr40-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.shpsc.2012.09.010"},{"key":"bibr41-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2009.11.005"},{"key":"bibr42-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1111565"},{"key":"bibr43-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14636778.2014.916186"},{"volume-title":"Gen\u00e9tica Forense, Justi\u00e7a e M\u00e9dia em Portugal: Elementos de co-Produ\u00e7\u00e3o num Estudo de Cinco Casos Criminais","year":"2015","author":"Santos F","key":"bibr44-13657127211070331"},{"volume-title":"Do Meia Culpa a Madeleine MacCann. Casos Medi\u00e1ticos e Gen\u00e9tica Forense em Portugal","year":"2021","author":"Santos F","key":"bibr45-13657127211070331"},{"volume-title":"A Culture of Fact: England, 1550-1720","year":"2000","author":"Shapiro BJ","key":"bibr46-13657127211070331"},{"key":"bibr47-13657127211070331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/228668"},{"volume-title":"Basics of Qualitative Research. Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques","year":"1990","author":"Strauss AL","key":"bibr48-13657127211070331"},{"volume-title":"Genetic Policing: The use of DNA in Criminal Investigations","year":"2008","author":"Williams R","key":"bibr49-13657127211070331"},{"volume-title":"Accomplishing Technical and Investigative Expertise in Everyday Crime Scene Investigation","year":"2014","author":"Wyatt D","key":"bibr50-13657127211070331"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Evidence &amp; Proof"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13657127211070331","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13657127211070331","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13657127211070331","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T14:41:48Z","timestamp":1740840108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13657127211070331"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13657127211070331"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13657127211070331","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-7127","1740-5572"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1365-7127"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1740-5572"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]}}}