{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:45:33Z","timestamp":1777938333807,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia of Portugal","award":["LAETA - UID\/EMS\/50022\/2013 and PDTC\/EMS-TEC\/0626\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LAETA - UID\/EMS\/50022\/2013 and PDTC\/EMS-TEC\/0626\/2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper proposes a new joining by forming process for connecting metal\u2013polymer sandwich composite panels to metallic tubes. The process involves forming an annular flange with rectangular cross-section by partial sheet-bulk of the tube wall thickness and performing the mechanical interlocking by upsetting the free tube end against the sandwich composite with a flaring punch. The presentation addresses the main process variables and workability limits, and the overall conclusions are supported by experimentation and finite element analysis. Results show that the new proposed joining by forming process has potential to be used in mass production contributing, therefore, to extend the application of metal\u2013polymer sandwich composites to structural components.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1464420718763463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T03:07:23Z","timestamp":1522120043000},"page":"1472-1481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Joining sandwich composite panels to tubes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"LM","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"RM","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"CMA","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2630-4593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"PAF","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1464420718763463","unstructured":"Silva LFM, \u00d6chsner A and Adams R. 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