{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T20:34:26Z","timestamp":1774902866473,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642464000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EFA362\/19 (PIXIL)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EFA362\/19 (PIXIL)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["769373 (FORESEE Project), 777778 (MATHROCKS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["769373 (FORESEE Project), 777778 (MATHROCKS)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2019-108111RB-I00 (FEDER\/AEI), SEV-2017-0718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-108111RB-I00 (FEDER\/AEI), SEV-2017-0718"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BERC 2018-2021, EXP. 2019\/00432 (Artificial Intelligence in BCAM), IT1294-19 (MATHMODE), KK-2019-00085 (MATHEO), KK-2020\/00049 (3KIA)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BERC 2018-2021, EXP. 2019\/00432 (Artificial Intelligence in BCAM), IT1294-19 (MATHMODE), KK-2019-00085 (MATHEO), KK-2020\/00049 (3KIA)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Instituto de I&D em Estructuruas e Constru\u00e7oes","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020 (CONSTRUCT)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020 (CONSTRUCT)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Structural Health Monitoring"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper proposes a Deep Learning Enhanced Principal Component Analysis (PCA) approach for outlier detection to assess the structural condition of bridges. We employ partially explainable autoencoder architecture to replicate and enhance the data compression and reconstruction ability of PCA. The particularity of the method lies in the addition of residual connections to account for nonlinearities. We apply the proposed method to monitoring data obtained from two bridges under real operation conditions and compare the results before and after adding the residual connections. Results show that the addition of residual connections enhances the outlier detection ability of the network, allowing to detect lighter damages. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14759217211041684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T09:21:46Z","timestamp":1642497706000},"page":"1710-1722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Deep learning enhanced principal component analysis for structural health monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0655-6072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Fernandez-Navamuel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain"},{"name":"Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM), Bilbao, Spain"},{"name":"University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Leioa, Spain"}]},{"given":"Filipe","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT-ViBest, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4984-340X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Zamora-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngel J","family":"Omella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Leioa, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4763-206X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Garcia-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1101-2248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM), Bilbao, Spain"},{"name":"University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Sciences), Bilbao, Spain"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118443118"},{"key":"bibr2-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2006.1930"},{"key":"bibr3-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002535"},{"key":"bibr4-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20102778"},{"key":"bibr5-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2018.05.084"},{"key":"bibr6-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/10\/3\/317"},{"key":"bibr7-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/ijsmss.2015.078354"},{"key":"bibr8-14759217211041684","volume-title":"Vibrational based inspection of civil engineering structures","author":"Rytter A","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr9-14759217211041684","first-page":"1522","volume":"2","author":"Smarsly K","year":"2016","journal-title":"8th Eur Workshop Struct Health Monit"},{"key":"bibr10-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1260\/1369-4332.13.6.1001"},{"key":"bibr11-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1679-78254378"},{"key":"bibr12-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921715624504"},{"key":"bibr13-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04898-2_455"},{"key":"bibr14-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921716650630"},{"key":"bibr15-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1680\/jstbu.20.00024"},{"key":"bibr16-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13349-020-00432-1"},{"key":"bibr17-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2020.106830"},{"key":"bibr18-14759217211041684","first-page":"1088","volume":"1","author":"Mujica L","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc 4th Eur Workshop Struct Health Monit"},{"key":"bibr19-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2017.09.210"},{"key":"bibr20-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690370209"},{"key":"bibr21-14759217211041684","first-page":"36","author":"Chalapathy R","year":"2018","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"bibr22-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127647"},{"key":"bibr23-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00332918"},{"key":"bibr24-14759217211041684","isbn-type":"print","volume-title":"Deep learning","author":"Goodfellow I","year":"2016","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/0262035618"},{"key":"bibr25-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2689746.2689747"},{"key":"bibr26-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-04546-7_22"},{"key":"bibr27-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1369433220913207"},{"key":"bibr28-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2020.07.010"},{"key":"bibr29-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2011.06.011"},{"key":"bibr30-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stc.2165"},{"key":"bibr31-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921718820015"},{"key":"bibr32-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13349-020-00381-9"},{"key":"bibr33-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15732479.2020.1777570"},{"key":"bibr34-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/computation8010015"},{"key":"bibr35-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611974973.11"},{"key":"bibr36-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18051308"},{"key":"bibr37-14759217211041684","author":"Li L","year":"2018","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"bibr38-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mice.12528"},{"key":"bibr39-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2020.107811"},{"key":"bibr40-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1475921711430437"},{"key":"bibr41-14759217211041684","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2006.07.009"},{"key":"bibr42-14759217211041684","first-page":"931","volume":"5","author":"da Fonseca AA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Conf Arch Bridges"},{"key":"bibr43-14759217211041684","first-page":"24","volume":"13","author":"Ad\u00e3o da Fonseca A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Encontro Nacional de Bet\u00e3o Estrutural"}],"container-title":["Structural Health Monitoring"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14759217211041684","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14759217211041684","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14759217211041684","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T18:44:34Z","timestamp":1740768274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14759217211041684"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14759217211041684"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14759217211041684","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-9217","1741-3168"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-9217","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3168","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]}}}