{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:55:29Z","timestamp":1761562529027,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Mens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Middle-aged and older men who have sex with men (MSM) are one of the most underestimated populations with regard to HIV\/AIDS infection, despite the worldwide trend of increasing prevalence in recent years. This population also has low rates of testing, although rare studies are done exclusively with middle-aged and older MSM assessing the factors associated with this prevalence. Thus, based on data from an exclusive online survey with middle-aged and older MSM who use geolocation-based dating applications, the purpose of the study was to analyze factors associated with not taking the HIV test among middle-aged (50 years old) and older MSM in Brazil. Using a modification of time-location sampling adapted to virtual reality, 412 volunteers were approached in Grindr<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Hornet<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, SCRUFF<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, and Daddyhunt<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. The multivariate logistic regression model was adopted to produce adjusted odds ratios (ORa), considering a significance level at .05. There were factors associated with not taking the test: being in a relationship (ORa: 0.24; 95% CI [0.10, 0.53]); knowing partner through the applications (ORa: 1.84; 95% CI [1.07, 3.15]); not knowing the serological status (ORa: 5.07; 95% CI [1.88, 13.67]); ejaculating outside of anal cavity (ORa: 1.79; 95% CI [1.04, 3.05]); practicing sex without penetration (ORa: 2.30; 95% CI [1.17, 4.50]); not taking the test as a form of prevention (ORa: 2.83; 95% CI [1.05, 7.68]); and rarely using Viagra in sexual intercourse (ORa: 1.91; 95% CI [1.20, 3.65]). There is a blind spot in the prevalence of HIV testing in older MSM because this population is not being covered by services, which compromises the overall response to HIV, the goals set for universal health coverage. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988319863542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T05:26:22Z","timestamp":1562736382000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["HIV Testing Among Middle-Aged and Older Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM): A Blind Spot?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2710-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro Francisco Lopes","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), Brazil"},{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6350-1908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), Brazil"},{"name":"Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Fronteira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Lap\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel Am\u00e9lia Costa","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), Brazil"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Brignol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Sa\u00fade Coletiva, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1557988319863542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0034-7167-2016-0370"},{"volume-title":"Pesquisa de conhecimento, atitudes e pr\u00e1ticas na popula\u00e7\u00e3o brasileira-PCAP 2013","year":"2013","author":"Brazil Ministry of Health","key":"bibr2-1557988319863542"},{"key":"bibr3-1557988319863542","unstructured":"Brazil Ministry of Health. 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