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Doing so, those in a position to provide resources that might facilitate coping and recovery are attentive to the situations of distress. Despite an abundance of leadership theorizing and models, there still is little academic literature on compassionate leadership. To address this limitation, we present an exploratory case study of New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, someone widely recognized for her compassionate leadership and frequently described in paradoxical terms (e.g. \u2018kind and strong\u2019; embodying \u2018steel and compassion\u2019). We address her compassionate leadership through the lenses of paradox theory, legitimacy theory and conservation of resources theory. We contribute a heuristic framework that sees various types of legitimacy leveraged synergistically to build resources and alleviate suffering \u2013 providing further legitimacy in an upward spiral of compassionate leadership. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17427150211055291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T10:53:45Z","timestamp":1639824825000},"page":"337-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Theorizing compassionate leadership from the case of Jacinda Ardern: Legitimacy, paradox and resource conservation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7768-328X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ace V","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brunel Business School, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK"}]},{"given":"Arm\u00e9nio","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cat\u00f3lica Porto Business School, and Business Research Unit, ISCTE-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Berti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTS Business School, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}]},{"given":"Stewart","family":"Clegg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of project Management and The John Grill Institute for Project Leadership, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Business School, The University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Pina e Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nova School of Business and Economics, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17427150211055291","first-page":"40","volume-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Leadership and 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