{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:14:48Z","timestamp":1774584888965,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therap Adv Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a valuable tool for assessing inflammation in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease (CD). The current standard for evaluating inflammation are validated scores (and clinical laboratory values) like Lewis score (LS), Capsule Endoscopy Crohn\u2019s Disease Activity Index (CECDAI), and ELIAKIM. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have made it possible to automatically select the most relevant frames in CE. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p> In this proof-of-concept study, our objective was to develop an automated scoring system using CE images to objectively grade inflammation. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Pan-enteric CE videos (PillCam Crohn\u2019s) performed in CD patients between 09\/2020 and 01\/2023 were retrospectively reviewed and LS, CECDAI, and ELIAKIM scores were calculated. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> We developed a convolutional neural network-based automated score consisting of the percentage of positive frames selected by the algorithm (for small bowel and colon separately). We correlated clinical data and the validated scores with the artificial intelligence-generated score (AIS). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 61 patients were included. The median LS was 225 (0\u20136006), CECDAI was 6 (0\u201333), ELIAKIM was 4 (0\u201338), and SB_AIS was 0.5659 (0\u201329.45). We found a strong correlation between SB_AIS and LS, CECDAI, and ELIAKIM scores (Spearman\u2019s r\u2009=\u20090.751, r\u2009=\u20090.707, r\u2009=\u20090.655, p\u2009=\u20090.001). We found a strong correlation between LS and ELIAKIM ( r\u2009=\u20090.768, p\u2009=\u20090.001) and a very strong correlation between CECDAI and LS ( r\u2009=\u20090.854, p\u2009=\u20090.001) and CECDAI and ELIAKIM scores ( r\u2009=\u20090.827, p\u2009=\u20090.001). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Our study showed that the AI-generated score had a strong correlation with validated scores indicating that it could serve as an objective and efficient method for evaluating inflammation in CD patients. As a preliminary study, our findings provide a promising basis for future refining of a CE score that may accurately correlate with prognostic factors and aid in the management and treatment of CD patients. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848241251569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T12:02:40Z","timestamp":1716811360000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Deep learning and minimally invasive inflammatory activity assessment: a proof-of-concept study for development and score correlation of a panendoscopy convolutional network"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0340-0830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Mascarenhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1334-0947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9lder","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Mascarenhas Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o P.S.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"WGO Training Center, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17562848241251569","volume":"14","author":"Odeyinka 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