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Power consumption restrictions in MAVs support the choice of passive flow control solutions such as the use of a modified (tubercled) wing leading edge. This strategy successfully allows to delay and mitigate aerodynamic stall but detrimental effects are found at pre-stall operating conditions. In order to retrieve the lift-generation capabilities of the baseline wing at pre-stall, a subsidiary active flow control method making use of air blowing was designed and installed in the modified wing. Guidance to the selection of optimum settings was provided by experimental and computational analyses. The resulting hybrid flow control system demonstrated its effectiveness, thus producing generalized lift enhancements irrespectively of the attitude of the wing. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17568293231197127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T08:20:35Z","timestamp":1695802835000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Combined passive and active flow control for fixed-wing micro air vehicles"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Esmaeili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0310-3115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JMM","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1052250105"},{"key":"bibr2-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2011.07.031"},{"key":"bibr3-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icn029"},{"key":"bibr4-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.30303"},{"key":"bibr5-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1688341"},{"volume-title":"Flow control: passive, active, and reactive flow management","year":"2006","author":"Gad-el-Hak M","key":"bibr6-17568293231197127"},{"volume-title":"Numerical study of stall delay on humpback whale flippers","author":"Carreira PH","key":"bibr7-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2008-584"},{"key":"bibr8-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.J052319"},{"key":"bibr9-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40371-2_15"},{"key":"bibr10-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4896748"},{"volume-title":"The influence of passive, leading edge tubercles on wing performance","author":"Watts P","key":"bibr11-17568293231197127"},{"key":"bibr12-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.C031675"},{"volume-title":"Biologically inspired wing leading edge for enhanced wind turbine and aircraft performance","author":"Isaac K","key":"bibr13-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2011-3533"},{"key":"bibr14-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.C031163"},{"key":"bibr15-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-6058(14)60100-1"},{"key":"bibr16-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AEAT-Feb-2012-0027"},{"key":"bibr17-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4024115"},{"key":"bibr18-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4828703"},{"key":"bibr19-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.J051553"},{"key":"bibr20-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crme.2011.11.004"},{"volume-title":"Investigation of wing stall delay effect due to an undulating leading edge: an LES study","author":"Skillen A","key":"bibr21-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1615\/TSFP8.1960"},{"key":"bibr22-17568293231197127","first-page":"33","volume":"12","author":"Arai H","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Japan Soc Nav Archit Ocean Eng"},{"volume-title":"Stereo PIV measurements of low-aspect-ratio low-Reynolds-number wings with sinusoidal leading edges for improved computational modeling","author":"Delgado HEC","key":"bibr23-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2014-1280"},{"volume-title":"Influence of wing aspect ratio on passive stall control at low Reynolds number using sinusoidal leading edges","author":"Esmaeili A","key":"bibr24-17568293231197127"},{"key":"bibr25-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.C031670"},{"key":"bibr26-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.28497"},{"key":"bibr27-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.J053568"},{"key":"bibr28-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.J051235"},{"key":"bibr29-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paerosci.2016.03.002"},{"key":"bibr30-17568293231197127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2021.109731"},{"key":"bibr31-17568293231197127","first-page":"830","volume-title":"Proc. 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