{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T16:50:51Z","timestamp":1769359851085,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]],"date-time":"2012-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Psychological and Personality Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The current research examined whether nations differ in their attitudes toward action and inaction. It was anticipated that members of dialectical East Asian societies would show a positive association in their attitudes toward action\/inaction. However, members of non-dialectical European-American societies were expected to show a negative association in their attitudes toward action\/inaction. Young adults in 19 nations completed measures of dialectical thinking and attitudes toward action\/inaction. Results from multi-level modeling showed, as predicted, that people from high dialecticism nations reported a more positive association in their attitudes toward action and inaction than people from low dialecticism nations. Furthermore, these findings remained after controlling for cultural differences in individualism-collectivism, neuroticism, gross-domestic product, and response style. Discussion highlights the implications of these findings for action\/inaction goals, dialecticism, and culture. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550612468774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,16]],"date-time":"2012-12-16T01:55:58Z","timestamp":1355622958000},"page":"521-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Cultural Differences in Attitudes Toward Action and Inaction"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ethan","family":"Zell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Battelle Center for Analytics and Public Health, St. Louis, MO, USA"}]},{"given":"Moon-Ho Ringo","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}]},{"given":"Sungjin","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"}]},{"given":"Tarcan","family":"Kumkale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Sarah D.","family":"Stauffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Zecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Huajian","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Roccas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Open University of Israel, Ra'anana, Israel"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Arce-Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones y Asistencia en Psicolog\u00eda, Santa Cruz, Bolivia"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Piaget, Almada, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rolando","family":"Diaz-Loving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Maria Mercedes","family":"Botero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Columbia"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Mannetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rome, Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Carrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Amparo","family":"Cabalero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Masatake","family":"Ikemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"given":"Darius","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Bernardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Aigl\u00e9, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Brechan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Maio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University, Cardiff, England"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Albarrac\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1948550612468774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012833"},{"key":"bibr2-1948550612468774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721411402666"},{"key":"bibr3-1948550612468774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.70.5.945"},{"key":"bibr4-1948550612468774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797610384149"},{"key":"bibr5-1948550612468774","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-373694-9.00022-2"},{"key":"bibr6-1948550612468774","volume-title":"Chuang-Tzu: The inner chapters","author":"Graham A. 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