{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:44:28Z","timestamp":1771461868620,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union Commission\u2019s Seventh Framework program","award":["305507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["305507"]}]},{"name":"HOMAGE)) and French National Research Agency"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The association between resting heart rate (HR) and cardiovascular outcomes, especially heart failure, is now well established. However, whether HR is mainly an integrated marker of risk associated with other features, or rather a genetic origin risk marker, is still a matter for debate. Previous studies reported a heritability ranging from 14% to 65%.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We assessed HR heritability in the STANISLAS family-study, based on the data of four visits performed over a 20-year period, and adjusted for most known confounding effects.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These analyses were conducted using a linear mixed model, adjusted on age, sex, tea or coffee consumption, beta-blocker use, physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption to estimate the variance captured by additive genetic effects, via average information restricted maximum likelihood analysis, with both self-reported pedigree and genetic relatedness matrix (GRM) calculated from genome-wide association study data.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Based on the data of all visits, the HR heritability (h2) estimate was 23.2% with GRM and 24.5% with pedigree. However, we found a large heterogeneity of HR heritability estimations when restricting the analysis to each of the four visits (h2 from 19% to 39% using pedigree, and from 14% to 32% using GRM). Moreover, only a little part of variance was explained by the common household effect (&amp;lt;5%), and half of the variance remained unexplained.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using a comprehensive analysis based on a family cohort, including the data of multiple visits and GRM, we found that HR variability is about 25% from genetic origin, 25% from repeated measures and 50% remains unexplained.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319890763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T05:19:26Z","timestamp":1575350366000},"page":"1334-1341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Heritability of a resting heart rate in a 20-year follow-up family cohort with GWAS data: Insights from the STANISLAS cohort"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Constance","family":"Xhaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, CHRU Nancy, INSERM U1116, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Lorraine Universit\u00e9, Nancy, France"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Dandine-Roulland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de Recherche en G\u00e9nomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie Fran\u00e7ois Jacob, CEA, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Evry, France"}]},{"given":"Pierre de","family":"Villemereuil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEFE, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Universit\u00e9 Paul Val\u00e9ry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France"}]},{"given":"Edith Le","family":"Floch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de Recherche en G\u00e9nomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie Fran\u00e7ois Jacob, CEA, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Evry, France"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Bacq-Daian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de Recherche en G\u00e9nomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie Fran\u00e7ois Jacob, CEA, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Evry, France"}]},{"given":"Jean-Loup","family":"Machu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, CHRU Nancy, INSERM U1116, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Lorraine Universit\u00e9, Nancy, France"}]},{"given":"Joao Pedro","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, CHRU Nancy, INSERM U1116, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Lorraine Universit\u00e9, Nancy, France"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Deleuze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de Recherche en G\u00e9nomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie Fran\u00e7ois Jacob, CEA, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Evry, France"}]},{"given":"Faiez","family":"Zannad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, CHRU Nancy, INSERM U1116, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Lorraine Universit\u00e9, Nancy, France"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Rossignol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, CHRU Nancy, INSERM U1116, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Lorraine Universit\u00e9, Nancy, France"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Girerd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-P 1433, CHRU Nancy, INSERM U1116, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Lorraine Universit\u00e9, Nancy, France"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021101408032148900_zwaa207-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.17.2251","article-title":"Heritability of heart rate variability: The Framingham Heart 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