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The authors report a case of a neonate whose mother was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, with a prenatal diagnosis of third-degree atrioventricular block. While initially admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit with no need for organ support, he presented progressive respiratory failure, initially attributed to sepsis. Favorable clinical progression after pacemaker placement allowed ventilatory weaning, but respiratory failure was again apparent. Chest computer tomography revealed areas of ground-glass lesions, raising the suspicion for lupus pneumonitis. He was started on immunoglobulin and corticosteroids, with clinical improvement. The authors consider this case to be relevant due to the rarity of acute lupus pneumonitis in neonates, alerting that it must be considered a differential diagnosis in neonates with prolonged ventilator dependency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23247096221077815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T09:21:23Z","timestamp":1649323283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lupus Pneumonitis: Case Report of a Rare Manifestation of Neonatal Lupus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7145-7073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Barreto Mota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno Rodrigues","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"\u00c9den","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric and Young Adult Rheumatology Unit, Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Iva","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric and Young Adult Rheumatology Unit, Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of 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