{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:06:51Z","timestamp":1772165211652,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This article investigates the relationship between visual acuity (VA), total area of geographic atrophy (GA), and percentage of foveal GA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted of patients with GA due to age-related macular degeneration. Demographics, VA, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images were collected. Using FAF images aided by SD-OCT, fovea-sparing status, GA pattern, total GA size, and percentage of GA covering the foveal area\u2014within a 1.5-mm-diameter circle centered on the fovea centralis\u2014were assessed. Univariable and multiple linear regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty-four eyes (mean age, 78.7 \u00b17.7 years [SD], 60.0% female) were studied. Mean VA was 0.8 \u00b1 0.6 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (Snellen equivalent 20\/126 \u00b1 20\/80), mean total GA 8.8 \u00b1 6.7 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and mean percentage of foveal GA was 71.5 \u00b1 30.9%. Of all assessed eyes, 48.2% (n = 26) presented with multifocal GA, and 18.5% (n = 10) had foveal sparing. Multiple regression analysis revealed that, controlling for age and GA pattern, the percentage of foveal GA presented a statistically significant association with VA (\u00df = 0.41, P = .004). No significant associations were observed with mean total GA size, while controlling for the same variables (\u00df = 0.010, P = .440).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Percentage of foveal GA was significantly associated with VA impairment, although the same was not verified for total GA area. These findings suggest that percentage of foveal GA may represent a more useful tool for assessing the impact of GA on VA. Further validation is needed in larger cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2474126419859454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T11:18:26Z","timestamp":1566472706000},"page":"278-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Percentage of Foveal vs Total Macular Geographic Atrophy as a Predictor of Visual Acuity in Age-Related Macular Degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5165-5811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saghar","family":"Bagheri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Lains","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Rebecca F.","family":"Silverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Dean","family":"Eliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Rufino","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, and Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Deeba","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Joan W.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Leonide","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Alkeus Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA, USA"}]},{"given":"Demetrios G.","family":"Vavvas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2474126419859454","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17925\/USOR.2017.10.02.119"},{"key":"bibr2-2474126419859454","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-017-0086-6"},{"key":"bibr3-2474126419859454","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.09.036"},{"key":"bibr4-2474126419859454","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.09.016"},{"key":"bibr5-2474126419859454","unstructured":"Sunness JS. Reading and macular disease. [published online September 1, 2009]. Retinal Physician. https:\/\/www.retinalphysician.com\/issues\/2009\/september-2009\/reading-and-macular-disease. 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