none 10.1177/87552930221082684 Wiley Wiley (John Wiley & Sons) 311 135485625 5867 2026012504011800512 10.1002 2026-01-25T13:11:53Z 2022-03-15T00:23:36Z 34 Earthquake Spectra Earthquake Spectra 8755-2930 1944-8201 08 2022 38 3 Rosa E Gonzalez Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Max T Stephens Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-3701 Charlotte Toma Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand David Dowdell Building Research Association of New Zealand Porirua New Zealand The 2010/2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence caused severe economic impacts and community disruption in Christchurch, New Zealand due to damage from liquefaction and strong shaking. Following the earthquake, approximately 7500 dwellings and 1400 commercial properties were demolished, resulting in 4 million tons of building debris. Using the Canterbury event, and the subsequent building demolitions in Christchurch as a case study, this research quantifies the embodied carbon and energy costs associated with the post‐earthquake demolition of buildings prior to the end of their intended design life. A building data set consisting of 142 reinforced concrete buildings that were demolished following the event was used to estimate the total amount of structural and non‐structural debris resulting from the demolitions. A framework was developed to calculate the global warming potential of the demolished buildings considering embodied CO 2 and energy in the building materials, impacts of the processes used in construction of the building, and CO 2 emissions of the transport and waste management processes. A life cycle assessment tool was used to calculate the environmental costs in the production and transport module, the spatial distribution of the waste based on the building locations was calculated to determine transport distances to disposal facilities, and the waste disposal and recycling benefits were calculated using values from a life cycle inventory database. The results of the research revealed the demolition of concrete buildings had staggering environmental costs in terms of embodied CO 2 and energy, which make the case for both resilient design strategies that reduce waste and pollution following earthquakes, and incorporating environmental impacts into demolition decisions. 08 2022 08 2022 1615 1635 10.1177/87552930221082684 Building Research Association of New Zealand https://doi.org/10.13039/100010483 BRANZ (LR13673) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 2 10.1177/sage-journals-update-policy journals.sagepub.com true building research association of new zealand https://doi.org/10.13039/100010483 BRANZ (LR13673) https://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license 10.1177/87552930221082684 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1177/87552930221082684 http://sage.cnpereading.com/paragraph/article/?doi=10.1177/87552930221082684 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/87552930221082684 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/87552930221082684 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/87552930221082684 https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/earthquake-spectra/article/38/3/1615/615871/the-estimated-carbon-cost-of-concrete-building AECOM Consulting Services(2015)Continuation of earthquake waste processing and disposal activities at the burwood resource recovery park and burwood landfill.http://ccc.govt.nz/assets/Documents/The‐Council/HYS/2016/january/Assessment‐of‐environmental‐effects.pdf 10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.02.033 Applied Technology Council (ATC)(1995)Addendum to the ATC‐20 post earthquake building safety evaluation procedures. 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Available at:https://www.branz.co.nz/pubs/research‐reports/sr418/ New Zealand whole‐building whole‐of‐life framework: Development of datasheets to support building life cycle assessment. BRANZ Study Report SR351 Dowdell D 2016 10.1065/lca2007.05.327 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.011 HasikV ChhabraJPS WarnGP et al (2018) Review of approaches for integrating loss estimation and life cycle assessment to assess impacts of seismic building damage and repair.Engineering Structures175(August):123–137. 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