{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T14:00:34Z","timestamp":1770645634669,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Earthquake Spectra"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Residential damage from major disasters often displaces local residents out of their homes and into temporary housing. Out\u2010of\u2010town contractors assisting in post\u2010disaster housing reconstruction also need housing, creating additional pressure on the local housing stock. Communities should thus prepare for a surge in temporary housing demand to minimize the impact on the local residents and to expedite housing recovery efforts. Computational models can support recovery planning. This article introduces an agent\u2010based simulation framework to estimate the workforce demand and the joint temporary housing needs of contractors and displaced households. The main agents are households seeking to repair their homes, local contractors, and out\u2010of\u2010town contractors. Out\u2010of\u2010town contractor agents come into the community if the labor and housing markets are favorable. The framework can be used to evaluate the resulting challenges and benefits of interventions aimed at attracting out\u2010of\u2010town contractors to expedite housing recovery. We present a case study on the housing recovery of the city of San Francisco after hypothetical\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    6.5,\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    7.2, and\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    7.9 earthquakes. A shortage of contractors is shown to bottleneck the reconstruction if no out\u2010of\u2010town contractors are recruited. Conversely, out\u2010of\u2010town contractors increase the likelihood of temporary housing shortages. These results highlight the need to plan for shortages of reconstruction labor and temporary housing during recovery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/87552930221112690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T00:45:57Z","timestamp":1660697157000},"page":"2922-2940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Simulating post\u2010disaster temporary housing needs for displaced households and out\u2010of\u2010town contractors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Chenbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2744-9599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack W","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"116","volume-title":"Developing a More Viable Disaster Housing Unit: A Case Study of the Mississippi Alternative Housing Program","author":"Abt Associates","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"AgnewD(2021 February 21).Plumber shortage and supply chain issues are delaying storm recovery efforts in 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