{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T21:40:02Z","timestamp":1774474802646,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023550","name":"Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023550","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Earthquake Spectra"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A comprehensive database that has been used to develop ground motion models for induced earthquakes in the Groningen gas field is provided in a freely accessible online repository. The database includes more than 8500 processed ground motion recordings from 87 earthquakes of local magnitude M\n                    <jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub>\n                    between 1.8 and 3.6, obtained from a large network of surface accelerographs and borehole geophones placed at 50\u2009m depth intervals to a depth of 200\u2009m. The 5%\u2010damped pseudo\u2010acceleration spectra and Fourier amplitude spectra of the records are also provided. Measured shear\u2010wave velocity (V\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) profiles, obtained primarily from seismic Cone Penetration Tests (CPTs), are provided for 80 of the \u223c100 recording stations. A model representing the regional dynamic soil properties is presented for the entire gas field plus a 5\u2009km onshore buffer zone, specifying lithology, V\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and damping for all layers above the reference baserock horizon located at about 800\u2009m depth. Transfer functions and frequency\u2010dependent amplification factors from the reference rock horizon to the surface for the locations of the recording stations are also included. The database provides a valuable resource for further refinement of induced seismic hazard and risk modeling in Groningen as well as for generic research in site response of thick, soft soil deposits and the characteristics of ground motions from small\u2010magnitude, shallow\u2010focus induced earthquakes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/87552930221140926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T08:04:08Z","timestamp":1672214648000},"page":"687-701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A database of ground motion recordings, site profiles, and amplification factors from the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6812-9658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michail","family":"Ntinalexis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Consultant London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauline P","family":"Kruiver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI) De Bilt The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9709-5223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian J","family":"Bommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elmer","family":"Ruigrok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI) De Bilt The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8384-4721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Marek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Charles E Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6767-9036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Pavia Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Spetzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI) De Bilt The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edwin Obando","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deltares Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manos","family":"Pefkos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deltares Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Bahrampouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Charles E Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik P","family":"van Onselen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deltares Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Dost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI) De Bilt The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"van Elk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij B.V. (NAM) Assen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"BalIE SmyrouE BulderE(2019) Liability and damage claim issues in induced earthquakes: Case of Groningen. In:Proceedings of SECED conference on earthquake risk and engineering towards a resilient world Greenwich 9\u201010 September."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/0120170040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/njg.2017.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/0120150184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"BommerJJ EdwardsB KruiverPP Rodriguez\u2010MarekA StaffordPJ NtinalexisM RuigrokE DostB(2022a)V7 ground\u2010motion model for induced seismicity in the Groningen gas field. Revision 1 20 February. (accessed 11 March 2021). 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