{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T03:57:32Z","timestamp":1789876652006,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Mineralogical Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,9]],"date-time":"2018-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531094400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4968,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clay miner."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper describes the swelling properties of two highly compacted clays, natural, untreated Wyoming montmorillonite (MX80) and Fourges smectite (FoCa7), saturated with Na and Ca, respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The initially compacted samples were hydrated by subjecting them to different suction pressures in a range between 100 MPa and 1 kPa. For each equilibrium state, the volume change (swelling) and water content (hydration) were measured. The samples were then studied by X-ray diffraction using a transmission device to determine interlayer distance and particle size, in order to clarify both the swelling and hydration mechanisms. The distances between clay layers ranged between 10 and 21.6 \u00c5 , i.e. corresponding to between 0 and 4 water layers. Upon hydration, the particle size decreased from 350 and 100 clay layers per particle to 10 layers per particle when the suction pressure decreased from 100 MPa to 1 kPa for MX80 and FoCa7, respectively. The first swelling stage is described as being an insertion of water molecules between the layers. Then a division of the initial particles into particles of smaller size with increasingly large inter-particle distances was observed. Observations by transmission electronic microscopy confirmed these results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1180\/0009855043940148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,29]],"date-time":"2005-01-29T02:31:52Z","timestamp":1106965912000},"page":"469-479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":201,"title":["Experimental study of swelling in unsaturated compacted clays"],"prefix":"10.1180","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Saiyouri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Tessier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. Y.","family":"Hicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7149","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0009855800001709_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.2000.0480609"},{"key":"S0009855800001709_ref001","unstructured":"AFNOR (1994) Qualit\u00e9 des Sols. Recueil de normes fran\u00e7aises. AFNOR, Paris."},{"key":"S0009855800001709_ref016","volume-title":"Aspects \u00efconomiques de la gestion et du traitement des d\u00e9chets m\u00e9nagers et industriels.","author":"Marcoen","year":"1991"},{"key":"S0009855800001709_ref005","author":"Ciesielsky","year":"1997","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"S0009855800001709_ref022","unstructured":"Saiyouri N. (1996) Approche microstructurale et mod\u00e9lisation des transferts d'eau et du gonflement dans les argiles non satur\u00e9es. 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