none 10.1180/0009855043940148 Mineralogical Society The Mineralogical Society 7149 14573405 5841 2019050419013617154 10.1180 2019-05-06T15:33:29Z 2005-01-29T02:31:52Z 201 Clay Minerals Clay miner. 0009-8558 1471-8030 12 2004 39 4 N. Saiyouri D. Tessier P. Y. Hicher Abstract This paper describes the swelling properties of two highly compacted clays, natural, untreated Wyoming montmorillonite (MX80) and Fourges smectite (FoCa7), saturated with Na and Ca, respectively. The initially compacted samples were hydrated by subjecting them to different suction pressures in a range between 100 MPa and 1 kPa. For each equilibrium state, the volume change (swelling) and water content (hydration) were measured. The samples were then studied by X-ray diffraction using a transmission device to determine interlayer distance and particle size, in order to clarify both the swelling and hydration mechanisms. The distances between clay layers ranged between 10 and 21.6 Å , i.e. corresponding to between 0 and 4 water layers. Upon hydration, the particle size decreased from 350 and 100 clay layers per particle to 10 layers per particle when the suction pressure decreased from 100 MPa to 1 kPa for MX80 and FoCa7, respectively. The first swelling stage is described as being an insertion of water molecules between the layers. Then a division of the initial particles into particles of smaller size with increasingly large inter-particle distances was observed. Observations by transmission electronic microscopy confirmed these results. 07 09 2018 12 2004 469 479 S0009855800001709 https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms 10.1180/0009855043940148 https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0009855800001709/type/journal_article https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0009855800001709 http://claymin.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/doi/10.1180/0009855043940148 10.1346/CCMN.2000.0480609 AFNOR (1994) Qualité des Sols. Recueil de normes françaises. AFNOR, Paris. Aspects ïconomiques de la gestion et du traitement des déchets ménagers et industriels. 1991 Marcoen Agronomy 1997 Ciesielsky Saiyouri N. (1996) Approche microstructurale et modélisation des transferts d'eau et du gonflement dans les argiles non saturées. PhD Thesis, Ecole Centrale de Paris, France. Tessier D. (1984) Etude expérimental de I'organisation des matériaux argileux. PhD thesis, Univ. Paris 7, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France. Proceedings of the 11th National Conference, Clays and Clay Minerals 1963 Yong Sciences du Sol Utilisation de la microscopie électronique à balayage dans l'étude des sols. Observation des sols humides soumis a différents pF 1 67–82 1979 Tessier 10.1039/tf946420b205 10.1039/df9541800120 10.1016/S0883-2927(00)00068-8 The Canadian Mineralogist Changes in layer organisation of Na- and Ca-exchanged smectite during solvent exchanges for embedment in resin 36 1475–1483 1998 Elsass 10.1180/000985598545615 Clays and Clay Minerals The structural status of clay systems 9 104–130 1962 Aylmore Proceedings of the International Clay Conference 1987 Ben Rhaïem Bruno G. (1993) Etude expérimental des mécanismes de réduction et d'oxydation du Fer d'une argile naturelle—Evolution de ses propriétés physiques et chimiques. PhD thesis, Univ. Poitiers, France. Coulon H. (1987) Propriétés physico-chimiques des sédiments argileux franqais: Application au stockage des déchets radioactifs. PhD thesis, Univ. Lille, France. Langmuir The origin of the swelling of clays by water 7 1289–1294 1990 Delville 10.1097/00010694-196512000-00006 Geotechnique Experimental relationship between swell pressure and suction 21 245–255 1971 Kassif 10.1346/CCMN.1995.0430106 Journal of Physical Chemistry 92 6489–6492 Kjellander 10.1016/0021-9797(88)90113-0 Pons C.H. (1980) Mise en évidence des relations entre la texture et la structure dans les systèmes eau-smectite par diffusion aux petits angles du rayonnement X synchrotron. PhD thesis, Univ. Orleans, France. 10.1180/claymin.1981.016.1.02 Proceedings of the International Clay Conference 1982 Pons Suquet H. (1978) Propriétés de gonflement et de structure de la saponite. Comparaison avec la vermiculite. PhD thesis, Univ. Paris VI, France. Tessier D. (1975) Recherches expérimentales sur I'organisation des particules dans les Argiles. Engineering thesis, Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, Paris. Annales d'Agronomie Etude de Porganisation des argiles calciques. Evolution au cours de la desiccation 29 319–355 1978 Tessier Soil Colloids and their Associations in Aggregates 1991 Tessier Applied Geochemistry Relation between the macroscopic behavior of clays and their micro structural properties 1 151–161 1992 Tessier 10.2136/sssaj1957.03615995002100050009x 10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00056-3 Proceedings of the International Clay Conference 1987 Tessier 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1484(200001)5:1<41::AID-CFM75>3.0.CO;2-N