{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T21:49:42Z","timestamp":1761947382747},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bisphosphonate therapy has been incorporated in the standard management of patients with multiple myeloma\u2013related bony disease. Although their efficacy in reducing skeletal related events is important in the supportive management of the myeloma patient, post-marketing experience with this class of agents, particularly the more potent intravenous agents pamidronate and zoledronic acid, have raised cautionary notes regarding the potential side effects of these agents. The focus of this session is to review the risk factors, incidence, prevention strategies and management of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. In addition, pathophysiology, incidence and monitoring for renal dysfunction during chronic therapy with these agents are reviewed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2006.1.356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,22]],"date-time":"2006-11-22T23:14:02Z","timestamp":1164237242000},"page":"356-360","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Bisphosphonate Complications Including Osteonecrosis of the Jaw"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"2006","author":[{"given":"Bhoomi","family":"Mehrotra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Ruggiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2019111702203311300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berenson JR, Lichtenstein A, Porter L, et al. Efficacy of Pamidronate in reducing skeletal events in patients with advanced multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:488\u2013493.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602223340802"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hortobagyi GN, Theriault RL, Porter L, et al. Efficacy of pamidronate in reducing skeletal complications in patients with breast cancer and lytic bone metastases. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1785\u20131791.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199612123352401"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glass DA, Patel MS, Karsenty G. A new insight into the formation of osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:2479\u20132480.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp038176"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruggiero S, Gralow J, Marx R, et al. Practical guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with cancer. 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Lancet. 2006;7:508\u2013514.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70726-4"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bannias A, Kastritis E, Bannia C, et. Al. Osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer after treatment with bisphosphonates: incidence and risk factors. J Clin Oncol. 2006;23:8580\u20138587.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.8670"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badros A, Weikei D, Salama A, et al. Osteonecrosis of the jaw in multiple myeloma patients: clinical features and risk factors. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:945\u2013952.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.2465"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R10","unstructured":"Durie GM, Katz M, Crowley J. Osteonecrosis of the jaw and bisphosphonates (correspondence). N Engl J Med. 2005;3531:99\u2013102."},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pozzi S, Marcheselli R, Sacchi S, et al. Analysis of frequency and risk factors for developing bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaw. Blood. 2005;106:5057a.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V106.11.5057.5057"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tosi P, Zamagni E, Cangini D, et al. Bisphosphonates and osteonecrosis of the jaws: incidence in a homogenous series of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with zoledronic acid. Blood2005;106:3461a.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V106.11.3461.3461"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cafro A, Barbarano L, Adriani A et al. Osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with chronic bisphosphonate therapy: An Italian experience. Blood2005. 106:5152a.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V106.11.5152.5152"},{"key":"2019111702203311300_R14","unstructured":"Dimopoulos M, Kastritis E, Amagnostopoulos A, et al. 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