{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:05:53Z","timestamp":1791338753928,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The 2016 multiparameter World Health Organization (WHO) classification for Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) integrates clinical features, morphology, and genetic data to diagnose polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The main novelties are: (1) the reduction of the hemoglobin (Hb) level threshold to diagnose PV, now established at 16.5 g\/dL for men and 16 g\/dL for women (based on the identification of MPN patients with PV-consistent bone marrow [BM] features and a Hb level lower than that established in the 2008 WHO classification for PV); (2) the recognition of prefibrotic\/early PMF, distinguishable from ET on the basis of BM morphology, an entity having a higher tendency to develop overt myelofibrosis or acute leukemia, and characterized by inferior survival; (3) the central role of BM morphology in the diagnosis of ET, prefibrotic\/early PMF, PMF, and PV with borderline Hb values; megakaryocyte number and morphology (typical in ET, atypical in both PMF forms) accompanied by a new distinction of reticulin fibrosis grade in PMF (grade 1 in prefibrotic\/early PMF and grade 2-3 in PMF) constitute diagnostic criteria; and (4) the inclusion of all mutually exclusive MPN driver mutations (JAK2, CALR, and MPL) as major diagnostic criteria in ET and PMF; 10% to 15% of these patients are triple negative, and in these cases the search for an additional clonal marker (eg, mutations in ASXL1, EZH2, TET2, IDH1\/IDH2, SRSF2, and SF3B1) is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2016.1.534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,2]],"date-time":"2016-12-02T11:05:27Z","timestamp":1480676727000},"page":"534-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Update from the latest WHO classification of MPNs: a user\u2019s manual"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Passamonti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy; and"},{"name":"Hematology, Department of Specialistic Medicine, Ospedale di Circolo, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Maffioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology, Department of Specialistic Medicine, Ospedale di Circolo, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2019111705072027600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-03-209262","article-title":"The 2008 revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia: rationale and important changes","volume":"114","author":"Vardiman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"2019111705072027600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-02-366054","article-title":"How I treat polycythemia 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