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Several clusters of genes involved in various biologic functions such as immune response, cell cycle control, signaling, apoptosis, cell adhesion, and structure significantly discriminated IgA- from IgG-MM. Genes associated with inhibition of differentiation and apoptosis induction were up-regulated while genes associated with immune response, cell cycle control, and apoptosis were down-regulated in IgA-MM. According to the expression of the 61 most discriminating genes, BJ-MM represented a separate subgroup that did not express either the genes characteristic of IgG-MM or those of IgA-MM at a high level. This suggests that transcriptional programs associated to the switch could be maintained up to plasma cell differentiation. Several genes whose products are known to stimulate bone remodeling discriminate between \u03ba- and \u03bb-MM. One of these genes, Mip-1\u03b1, was overexpressed in the \u03ba subgroup. In addition, we established a strong association (P = .0001) between \u03ba subgroup expressing high levels of Mip-1\u03b1 and active myeloma bone disease. This study shows that DNA microarrays enable us to perform a molecular dissection of the bioclinical diversity of MM and provide new molecular tools to investigate the pathogenesis of malignant plasma cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-11-3385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T02:12:56Z","timestamp":1047348776000},"page":"4998-5006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Gene expression profiling of multiple myeloma reveals molecular portraits in relation to the pathogenesis of the disease"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Florence","family":"Magrangeas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vale\u0301ry","family":"Nasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herve\u0301","family":"Avet-Loiseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Be\u0301atrice","family":"Loriod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Decaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Granjeaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franc\u0327ois","family":"Bertucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Harousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Re\u0301gis","family":"Bataille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Re\u0301mi","family":"Houlgatte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ste\u0301phane","family":"Minvielle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From INSERM U463, Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital, Nantes, France; INSERM ERM206; and INSERM U119, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2020021219022915500_REF1","unstructured":"Bergsagel DE. 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