{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:47:16Z","timestamp":1792165636244,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Personalized immunotherapy of lymphoma based on tumor idiotype (Id) has shown anti-idiotype humoral immune responses in 40%-50% and cellular immune responses in 50%-75% of follicular lymphoma patients, indicating that this therapy can be clinically successful. We have developed a novel vaccine against lymphoma consisting of an anti-CD40 Ab (ADX40) chemically conjugated to the tumor idiotype A20 and tested it in a murine lymphoma model. BALB\/c mice were immunized with 2 doses of immunogen alone or in conjunction with additional adjuvants before tumor challenge. ADX40-Id vaccination resulted in significantly retarded tumor growth and reduced mouse morbidity. Moreover, similar mouse survival was obtained with 2 injections of ADX40-Id as with 8 injections using the standard therapy of keyhole limpet hemocyanin Id + GM-CSF. Co-administration of ADX40-Id with 3-O-deacyl-4\u2032-monophosphoryl lipid A further significantly enhanced vaccine efficacy, resulting in an increased overall survival. Anti-Id\u2013specific Abs were detected at elevated levels after ADX40-Id immunization; however, in vivo depletion of CD4 and\/or CD8 T cells before challenge showed that CD8 effector T cells were the major mediators of tumor protection. The results of the present study show that the ADX40-Id conjugate vaccine is a potential candidate as a stand-alone vaccine or in combination with currently licensed adjuvants for lymphoma immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-05-355461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,11]],"date-time":"2012-01-11T01:21:56Z","timestamp":1326244916000},"page":"2056-2065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Conjugation of lymphoma idiotype to CD40 antibody enhances lymphoma vaccine immunogenicity and antitumor effects in mice"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Carlring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marika J.","family":"Szabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Dickinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evy","family":"De Leenheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2019111807434490700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3322\/CA.2008.0011","article-title":"Aiming at a curative strategy for follicular lymphoma.","volume":"58","author":"Bendandi","year":"2008","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"5502","key":"2019111807434490700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1038\/254714a0","article-title":"Antibody to a molecularly-defined antigen confined to a tumor cell surface.","volume":"254","author":"Stevenson","year":"1975","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"2019111807434490700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI20312","article-title":"Autologous lymphoma vaccines induce human T cell responses against multiple, unique epitopes.","volume":"113","author":"Baskar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"2019111807434490700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-292342","article-title":"Upfront immunization with autologous recombinant idiotype Fab fragment without prior cytoreduction in indolent B-cell lymphoma.","volume":"117","author":"Navarrete","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"2019111807434490700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.2.628","article-title":"Anti-idiotypic mechanisms involved in the suppression of a mouse B cell lymphoma, BCL1.","volume":"138","author":"George","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2019111807434490700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.4.1289","article-title":"Idiotype vaccination against murine B cell lymphoma. 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