{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:27:25Z","timestamp":1790468845208,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Nivolumab, an anti\u2013programmed death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, showed promising activity in relapsed or refractory (R\/R) follicular lymphoma (FL) in a phase 1 study. We conducted a phase 2 trial to further evaluate its efficacy and safety in patients with R\/R FL and to explore biomarkers of response. Patients with R\/R FL and at least 2 prior lines of therapy, each containing a CD20 antibody or an alkylating agent, were treated with nivolumab 3 mg\/kg every 2 weeks. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by an independent radiologic review committee. Biomarker analyses included gene expression profiling and multiplex immunofluorescence studies of pretreatment tumor samples. A total of 92 patients were treated. After a minimum follow-up of 12 months, ORR was 4% (4 of 92 patients). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9-3.6 months). Median duration of response was 11 months (95% CI, 8-14 months). Exploratory analyses suggested that responders had significantly higher proportion of CD3+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment than nonresponders, but no significant differences in PD-1 or programmed death-ligand 1 expression were observed. High expression of a set of tumor-associated macrophage genes was associated with reduced PFS (hazard ratio, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.76-6.11; P = .001). The safety profile was consistent with previous reports of nivolumab. In conclusion, nivolumab monotherapy was associated with very limited activity in patients with R\/R FL. Better understanding of the immune biology of this disease may facilitate the development of effective checkpoint-based strategies. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02038946.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019004753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T12:38:31Z","timestamp":1598963911000},"page":"637-645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Efficacy and safety results from CheckMate 140, a phase 2 study of nivolumab for relapsed\/refractory follicular lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Philippe","family":"Armand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, 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