{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T22:05:57Z","timestamp":1794002757341,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"23","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Arterial and venous thromboses are classically considered distinct disease states, with arterial thrombosis mediated predominantly by platelets and therefore, treated with antiplatelet therapy, and venous thrombosis mediated by the plasmatic coagulation system and treated with anticoagulation. However, co-occurrence of arterial and venous events is common, and there is increasing evidence of shared risk factors and pathophysiologic overlap. This presents a management challenge: does the patient with venous and arterial thrombosis, require anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, or both? Herein, we present a structured approach to the evaluation and management of patients with venous thrombosis who are also at risk for or have a history of an arterial thromboembolic event. We emphasize the importance of defining the indications for antithrombotic therapy, as well as the evaluation of factors that influence both thrombotic and bleeding risk, including disorder-specific and patient-specific factors, as well as the inherent risk balance of antithrombotic therapy regimens. We illustrate this approach in 4 cases, discussing the unique considerations and recent updates in the management of venous thrombosis, acute noncardioembolic ischemic stroke, coronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery disease after revascularization.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023021638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T20:44:46Z","timestamp":1708116286000},"page":"2351-2362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["How I treat the co-occurrence of venous and arterial thromboembolism: anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, or both?"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"143","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7744-5700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jori E.","family":"May","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8573-7930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"issue":"7181","key":"2024060615255770900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06797","article-title":"Triggers, targets and treatments for thrombosis","volume":"451","author":"Mackman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib2","first-page":"505","article-title":"Venous thromboembolic events in hospitalised medical patients","volume":"102","author":"Piazza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024060615255770900_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13329","article-title":"Impact\u00a0of incident myocardial infarction on the risk of venous thromboembolism: the Troms\u00f8 Study","volume":"14","author":"Rinde","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"9601","key":"2024060615255770900_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61745-0","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism and subsequent hospitalisation due to acute arterial cardiovascular events: a 20-year cohort study","volume":"370","author":"S\u00f8rensen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03777.x","article-title":"Incidence of arterial cardiovascular events after venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and a meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Becattini","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024060615255770900_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.02058.x","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism and the risk of\u00a0subsequent symptomatic atherosclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Prandoni","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"15","key":"2024060615255770900_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022157","article-title":"An association between atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis","volume":"348","author":"Prandoni","year":"2003","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024060615255770900_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.709204","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and venous thromboembolism","volume":"117","author":"Ageno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024060615255770900_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.02132.x","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome and the risk of venous thrombosis: a case-control study","volume":"4","author":"Ageno","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06973.x","article-title":"Common risk factors for both arterial and venous thrombosis","volume":"140","author":"Lowe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.6108","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness and safety of aspirin for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after total hip and knee replacement","volume":"180","author":"Matharu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"2024060615255770900_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709118","article-title":"Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in stable cardiovascular disease","volume":"377","author":"Eikelboom","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med Overseas Ed"},{"issue":"21","key":"2024060615255770900_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2000052","article-title":"Rivaroxaban in peripheral artery disease after revascularization","volume":"382","author":"Bonaca","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15673","article-title":"Prevention of arterial and venous thrombotic events in symptomatic peripheral arterial disease patients after lower extremity revascularization in the VOYAGER PAD trial: dual anticoagulant\/antiplatelet regimen vs antiplatelet therapy alone","volume":"20","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"16","key":"2024060615255770900_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1817083","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndrome or PCI in atrial fibrillation","volume":"380","author":"Lopes","year":"2019","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024060615255770900_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105819","article-title":"Apixaban with antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome","volume":"365","author":"Alexander","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024060615255770900_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1112277","article-title":"Rivaroxaban in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome","volume":"366","author":"Mega","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024060615255770900_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0118-5","article-title":"Predictors of stent thrombosis and their implications for clinical practice","volume":"16","author":"Gori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024060615255770900_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2430","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002430","article-title":"Predicting hemorrhagic transformation of acute ischemic stroke: prospective validation of the HeRS score","volume":"95","author":"Marsh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024060615255770900_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019001605","article-title":"How I assess and manage the risk of bleeding in patients treated for venous thromboembolism","volume":"135","author":"Klok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024060615255770900_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15776","article-title":"Management of bleeding risk in patients who receive anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism: communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Predictive and Diagnostic Variables in Thrombotic Disease","volume":"20","author":"Den Exter","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.040167","article-title":"Defining high bleeding risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"140","author":"Urban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"suppl O","key":"2024060615255770900_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"O14","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/suaa178","article-title":"Stroke and bleeding risk stratification in atrial fibrillation: a critical appraisal","volume":"22","author":"Lane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Suppl"},{"issue":"16","key":"2024060615255770900_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.3337","article-title":"Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"327","author":"Guirguis-Blake","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024060615255770900_bib25","first-page":"e563","article-title":"ACC\/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"140","author":"Arnett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"16","key":"2024060615255770900_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.4983","article-title":"Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement","volume":"327","author":"US Preventive Services Task Force","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024060615255770900_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.1197","article-title":"Adverse events associated with the addition of aspirin to direct oral anticoagulant therapy without a clear indication","volume":"181","author":"Schaefer","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024060615255770900_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.7816","article-title":"Association of adding aspirin to warfarin therapy without an apparent indication with bleeding and other adverse events","volume":"179","author":"Schaefer","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2024060615255770900_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.897","article-title":"Decreased M1 macrophage polarization in dabigatran-treated Ldlr-deficient mice: implications for atherosclerosis and adipose tissue inflammation","volume":"287","author":"Feldmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2024060615255770900_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.08.007","article-title":"Randomized trial of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in the evaluation of progression of coronary atherosclerosis","volume":"206","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024060615255770900_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1904143","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation with stable coronary disease","volume":"381","author":"Yasuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024060615255770900_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2231973","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.31973","article-title":"Assessment of an intervention to reduce aspirin prescribing for patients receiving warfarin for anticoagulation","volume":"5","author":"Schaefer","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"14","key":"2024060615255770900_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac776","article-title":"Recurrent venous thromboembolism and bleeding with extended anticoagulation: the VTE-PREDICT risk score","volume":"44","author":"de Winter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019002364","article-title":"Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism","volume":"135","author":"Kearon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024060615255770900_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.07.055","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: second update on the CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report","volume":"160","author":"Stevens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"19","key":"2024060615255770900_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4693","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001830","article-title":"American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism","volume":"4","author":"Ortel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024060615255770900_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1207541","article-title":"Apixaban for extended treatment of venous thromboembolism","volume":"368","author":"Agnelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"2024060615255770900_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1700518","article-title":"Rivaroxaban or aspirin for extended treatment of venous thromboembolism","volume":"376","author":"Weitz","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024060615255770900_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.11.1405","article-title":"Use of statins and the subsequent development of deep vein thrombosis","volume":"161","author":"Ray","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA Int Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024060615255770900_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.12.032","article-title":"Statin use is associated with reduced risk of recurrence in patients with venous thromboembolism","volume":"133","author":"Stewart","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024060615255770900_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0168878","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168878","article-title":"Weight change and risk of venous thromboembolism: the Troms\u00f8 Study","volume":"11","author":"Horvei","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024060615255770900_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13710","article-title":"Recurrent venous thrombosis related to overweight and obesity: results from the MEGA follow-up study","volume":"15","author":"Vuckovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024060615255770900_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58091290","article-title":"Obesity as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism recurrence: a systematic review","volume":"58","author":"Ntinopoulou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024060615255770900_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e344","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211","article-title":"Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: 2019\u00a0update to the 2018 guidelines for the early management of acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke","volume":"50","author":"Powers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024060615255770900_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e468","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000377","article-title":"Benefits and risks of dual versus single antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: a systematic review for the 2021 guideline for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack","volume":"52","author":"Brown","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024060615255770900_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e364","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000375","article-title":"Guideline for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"52","author":"Kleindorfer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024060615255770900_bib47","first-page":"CD001342","article-title":"Vitamin K antagonists versus antiplatelet therapy after transient ischaemic attack or minor ischaemic stroke of presumed arterial origin","volume":"2012","author":"De Schryver","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"23","key":"2024060615255770900_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802686","article-title":"Rivaroxaban for stroke prevention after embolic stroke of undetermined source","volume":"378","author":"Hart","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.09.011","article-title":"ACC Expert Consensus decision pathway for anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention or with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee","volume":"77","author":"Kumbhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"21","key":"2024060615255770900_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.17242","article-title":"Association of oral anticoagulants and proton pump inhibitor cotherapy with hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding","volume":"320","author":"Ray","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024060615255770900_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2022.05.031","article-title":"Association of antisecretory drugs with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients using oral anticoagulants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"135","author":"Kurlander","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024060615255770900_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.04.041","article-title":"Pantoprazole to prevent gastroduodenal events in patients receiving rivaroxaban and\/or aspirin in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"157","author":"Moayyedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx419","article-title":"ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS","volume":"39","author":"Valgimigli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15533","article-title":"Predictive value of venous thromboembolism (VTE)-BLEED to predict major bleeding and other adverse events in a practice-based cohort of patients with VTE: results of the XALIA study","volume":"183","author":"Klok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0134","article-title":"A\u00a0novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey","volume":"138","author":"Pisters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024060615255770900_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e123","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000404","article-title":"2016 ACC\/AHA guideline focused update on duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: an update of the 2011 ACCF\/AHA\/SCAI guideline for percutaneous coronary intervention, 2011 ACCF\/AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery, 2012 ACC\/AHA\/ACP\/AATS\/PCNA\/SCAI\/STS guideline for the diagnosis and mangement of patients with stable ischemic heart disease, 2013 ACCF\/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction, 2014 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes, and 2014 ACC\/AHA guideline on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery","volume":"134","author":"Levine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9444","key":"2024060615255770900_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17275-9","article-title":"Late thrombosis in drug-eluting coronary stents after discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy","volume":"364","author":"McFadden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024060615255770900_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000665","article-title":"AHA\/ACC\/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC\/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"140","author":"January","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024060615255770900_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euy174","article-title":"Joint European consensus document on the management of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and\/or undergoing percutaneous cardiovascular interventions","volume":"21","author":"Lip","year":"2019","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034722","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"138","author":"Angiolillo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"15","key":"2024060615255770900_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056680","article-title":"Abbreviated antiplatelet therapy in patients at high bleeding risk with or without oral anticoagulant therapy after coronary stenting: an open-label, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"144","author":"Smits","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"37","key":"2024060615255770900_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3512","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac294","article-title":"Great debate: triple antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stenting should be limited to 1 week","volume":"43","author":"De Caterina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024060615255770900_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.11.101","article-title":"Risk of major bleeding in different indications for new oral anticoagulants: Insights from a meta-analysis of approved dosages from 50 randomized trials","volume":"179","author":"Sardar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"25","key":"2024060615255770900_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611594","article-title":"Prevention of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI","volume":"375","author":"Gibson","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"2024060615255770900_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1708454","article-title":"Dual antithrombotic therapy with dabigatran after PCI in atrial fibrillation","volume":"377","author":"Cannon","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024060615255770900_bib66","first-page":"1465","article-title":"AHA\/ACC guideline on the management of patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"135","author":"Gerhard-Herman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024060615255770900_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx095","article-title":"ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral arterial diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)","volume":"39","author":"Aboyans","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.02.029","article-title":"Canadian Cardiovascular Society 2022 guidelines for peripheral arterial disease","volume":"38","author":"Abramson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.008","article-title":"A\u00a0National Canadian Survey of antithrombotic therapy after urgent and emergent limb revascularization","volume":"37","author":"McClure","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024060615255770900_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2215580","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.15580","article-title":"Rivaroxaban and risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease after lower extremity revascularization","volume":"5","author":"Hess","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"25","key":"2024060615255770900_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059405","article-title":"Rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus aspirin reduces venous thromboembolism in patients with chronic atherosclerosis","volume":"145","author":"Pogosova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024060615255770900_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.11.025","article-title":"Incidence of postoperative deep venous thrombosis is higher among cardiac and vascular surgery patients as compared with general surgery patients","volume":"29","author":"Aziz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024060615255770900_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2021.11.025","article-title":"Incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with peripheral arterial disease after endovascular intervention","volume":"75","author":"Kindell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024060615255770900_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e007633","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007633","article-title":"Frequency and outcomes of reduced dose non\u2013vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants: results from ORBIT-AF II (The Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation II)","volume":"7","author":"Steinberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14127","article-title":"Impact of direct oral anticoagulant off-label doses on clinical outcomes of atrial fibrillation patients: a systematic review","volume":"86","author":"Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024060615255770900_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.1841","article-title":"Appropriate apixaban dosing: prescribers take note","volume":"1","author":"Weitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024060615255770900_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.07.045","article-title":"Mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving nonrecommended doses of direct oral anticoagulants","volume":"76","author":"Camm","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024060615255770900_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1160\/TH16-07-0494","article-title":"Real-life treatment of venous thromboembolism with direct oral anticoagulants: the influence of recommended dosing and regimens","volume":"117","author":"Trujillo-Santos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024060615255770900_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e014108","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014108","article-title":"Rates of potentially inappropriate dosing of direct-acting oral anticoagulants and associations with geriatric conditions among older patients with atrial fibrillation: the SAGE-AF Study","volume":"9","author":"Sanghai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024060615255770900_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-016-1435-3","article-title":"Identification of risk factors for inappropriate and suboptimal initiation of direct oral anticoagulants","volume":"43","author":"Howard","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024060615255770900_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.12473","article-title":"Prevalence of drug-related problems associated with direct oral anticoagulants in hospitalized patients: a multicenter, cross-sectional study","volume":"42","author":"Viprey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Pharm Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj5203-207","article-title":"Assessment of direct oral anticoagulant prescribing and monitoring pre- and post-implementation of a pharmacy protocol at a community teaching hospital","volume":"52","author":"Miele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hosp Pharm"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024060615255770900_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-015-1189-3","article-title":"Implementation of a hemostatic and antithrombotic Stewardship program","volume":"40","author":"Reardon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"17","key":"2024060615255770900_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2344","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.685313","article-title":"Clinical end points in coronary stent trials","volume":"115","author":"Cutlip","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024060615255770900_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.08.017","article-title":"2023 ACC\/AHA\/ACCP\/HRS guideline for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"83","author":"Joglar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024060615255770900_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjacc\/zuad107","article-title":"2023 ESC guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes","volume":"13","author":"Byrne","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024060615255770900_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12757","DOI":"10.1002\/rth2.12757","article-title":"A call to action for anticoagulation stewardship","volume":"6","author":"Burnett","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res Pract Thromb Haemost"}],"container-title":["Blood"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/143\/23\/2351\/2228007\/blood_bld-2023-021638-main.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/143\/23\/2351\/2228007\/blood_bld-2023-021638-main.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T15:26:55Z","timestamp":1717687615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article\/143\/23\/2351\/514987\/How-I-treat-the-co-occurrence-of-venous-and"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2023021638","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-4971","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-0020","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]}}}