{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:53:47Z","timestamp":1793328827234,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>T- and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphomas are neoplasms derived from immature T cells (lymphoblastic lymphomas), or more commonly, from mature T and NK cells (peripheral T-cell lymphomas, PTCLs). PTCLs are rare but show marked biological and clinical diversity. They are usually aggressive and may present in lymph nodes, blood, bone marrow, or other organs. More than 30 T\/NK-cell\u2013derived neoplastic entities are recognized in the International Consensus Classification and the classification of the World Health Organization (fifth edition), both published in 2022, which integrate the most recent knowledge in hematology, immunology, pathology, and genetics. In both proposals, disease definition aims to integrate clinical features, etiology, implied cell of origin, morphology, phenotype, and genetic features into biologically and clinically relevant clinicopathologic entities. Cell derivation from innate immune cells or specific functional subsets of CD4+ T cells such as follicular helper T cells is a major determinant delineating entities. Accurate diagnosis of T\/NK-cell lymphoma is essential for clinical management and mostly relies on tissue biopsies. Because the histological presentation may be heterogeneous and overlaps with that of many benign lymphoid proliferations and B-cell lymphomas, the diagnosis is often challenging. Disease location, morphology, and immunophenotyping remain the main features guiding the diagnosis, often complemented by genetic analysis including clonality and high-throughput sequencing mutational studies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the classification and diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma in the context of current concepts and scientific knowledge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023021786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T13:57:04Z","timestamp":1715349424000},"page":"1855-1872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["A practical approach to the modern diagnosis and classification of T- and NK-cell lymphomas"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3994-516X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"de Leval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4243-905X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Gaulard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2D\u00e9partement de Pathologie, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Cr\u00e9teil, France"},{"name":"3Universit\u00e9 Paris Est Cr\u00e9teil, Cr\u00e9teil, France"},{"name":"4INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale, Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6576-5256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Dogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hematopathology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 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