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An interesting example is illustrated by the recent discovery that \u03b1-globin without \u03b2-globin is expressed in some arteriolar endothelial cells (ECs). \u03b1-globin binds EC nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) and degrades its enzymatic product NO, a potent vasodilator. Thus, depletion of \u03b1-globin in ECs or inhibition of its association with eNOS causes arteriolar relaxation and lowering of blood pressure in mice. Some of these findings have been replicated in isolated human blood vessels, and genetic studies are tractable in populations in which \u03b1-thalassemia alleles are prevalent. Two small studies identified associations between loss of \u03b1-globin genes in humans and NO-regulated vascular responses elicited by local hypoxia-induced blood flow or thermal stimulation. In a few larger population-based studies, no associations were detected between loss of \u03b1-globin genes and blood pressure, ischemic stroke, or pulmonary hypertension. In contrast, a significant positive association between \u03b1-globin gene copy number and kidney disease was detected in an African American cohort. Further studies are required to define comprehensively the expression of \u03b1-globin in different vascular beds and ascertain their overall impact on normal and pathological vascular physiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023022192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T20:02:52Z","timestamp":1717790572000},"page":"834-844","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A moonlighting job for \u03b1-globin in blood vessels"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9700-0044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabhodh S.","family":"Abbineni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8371-3588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srishti","family":"Baid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2460-3036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitchell J.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Hematology, St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2024082215205780100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3927","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-078188","article-title":"Hemoglobin research and the origins of molecular medicine","volume":"112","author":"Schechter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2024082215205780100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-41769-7_14","article-title":"Hemoglobin: structure, function and allostery","volume":"94","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Subcell Biochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082215205780100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1267","article-title":"Mammalian nerve globins in search of functions","volume":"66","author":"Ascenzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082215205780100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2007.05679.x","article-title":"Neuroglobin and cytoglobin expression in mice. 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