{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T01:08:48Z","timestamp":1792372128605,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only potentially curative option for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Advances in conditioning regimens and supportive measures have reduced treatment-related mortality and increased the role of transplantation, leading to more patients undergoing HSCT. However, posttransplant relapse of MDS remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for this procedure, necessitating expert management and ongoing results analysis. In this article, we review treatment options and our institutional approaches to managing MDS relapse after HSCT, using illustrative clinical cases that exemplify different clinical manifestations and management of relapse. We address areas of controversy relating to conditioning regimen intensity, chemotherapeutic bridging, and donor selection. In addition, we discuss future directions for advancing the field, including (1) the need for prospective clinical trials separating MDS from acute myeloid leukemia and focusing on posttransplant relapse, as well as (2) the validation of measurable residual disease methodologies to guide timely interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023023005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T17:02:07Z","timestamp":1706893327000},"page":"1344-1354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["How I reduce and treat posttransplant relapse of MDS"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"143","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4388-4825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alain","family":"Mina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Myeloid Malignancies Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7615-9443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter L.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Joachim","family":"Deeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2024040415204507200_bib1","unstructured":"Cancer Statistics Review SEER\n          . 1975-2017: myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMD), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/archive\/csr\/1975_2017\/results_merged\/sect_30_mds.pdf."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024040415204507200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16206","article-title":"How we manage adults with myelodysplastic syndrome","volume":"189","author":"Fenaux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024040415204507200_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"EVIDoa2200008","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2200008","article-title":"Molecular international prognostic scoring system for 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