{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:59:01Z","timestamp":1791410341624,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a devastating disease caused by transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy to humans. Although vCJD cases are now rare, evidence from appendix surveys suggests that a small proportion of the United Kingdom population may be infected without showing signs of disease. These \u201csilent\u201d carriers could present a risk of iatrogenic vCJD transmission through medical procedures or blood\/organ donation, and currently there are no validated tests to identify infected asymptomatic individuals using easily accessible samples. To address this issue, we evaluated the performance of 3 blood-based assays in a blinded study, using longitudinal sample series from a well-established large animal model of vCJD. The assays rely on amplification of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc; a marker of prion infection) and include real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), and 2 versions of protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA). Although diagnostic sensitivity was higher for both PMCA assays (100%) than RT-QuIC (61%), all 3 assays detected prion infection in blood samples collected 26 months before the onset of clinical signs and gave no false-positive results. Parallel estimation of blood prion infectivity titers in a sensitive transgenic mouse line showed positive correlation of infectivity with PrPSc detection by the assays, suggesting that they are suitable for detection of asymptomatic vCJD infection in the human population. This study represents, to our knowledge, the largest comparison to date of preclinical prion detection in blood samples from a relevant animal model. The outcomes will guide efforts to improve early detection of prion disease and reduce infection risks in humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024024649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T14:11:34Z","timestamp":1724335894000},"page":"1962-1973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Longitudinal detection of prion infection in preclinical sheep blood samples compared using 3 assays"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6293-6013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte M.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3319-4035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Khalid F.","family":"Salamat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Almela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2\u00c9tablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian K.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8059-4284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaetan","family":"Ladhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3009-4672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark E.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8779-9251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisy","family":"Bougard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2\u00c9tablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7369-6016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Andr\u00e9oletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche INRAe\/ENVT 1225 Interactions H\u00f4tes Agents Pathog\u00e8nes, \u00c9cole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4082-2274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. 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