{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T22:05:10Z","timestamp":1794002710925,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood transfusions save millions of lives worldwide each year, yet formation of antibodies against nonself antigens remains a significant problem, particularly in patients who receive frequent transfusions. We designed and tested the Universal Blood Donor Typing (UBDT_PC1) array for automated high-throughput simultaneous typing of human erythrocyte antigens (HEAs), platelet antigens (HPAs), leukocyte antigens (HLAs), and neutrophil antigens to support selection of blood products matched beyond ABO\/Rh. Typing samples from 6946 study participants of European, African, Admixed American, South Asian, and East Asian ancestry at 2 different laboratories showed a genotype reproducibility of \u226599% for 17\u2009244 variants, translating to 99.98%, 99.90%, and 99.93% concordance across 338\u2009372 HEA, 53\u2009270 HPA, and 107\u2009094 HLA genotypes, respectively. Compared with previous clinical typing data, concordance was 99.9% and 99.6% for 245\u2009874 HEA and 3726 HPA comparisons, respectively. HLA types were 99.1% concordant with clinical typing across 8130 comparisons, with imputation accuracy higher in Europeans vs non-Europeans. Seven variant RHD alleles, a GYPB deletion underlying the U\u2212 phenotype, and 14 high-frequency antigen-negative types were also detected. Beyond blood typing, hereditary hemochromatosis-associated HFE variants were identified in 276 participants. We found that the UBDT_PC1 array can reliably type a wide range of blood cell antigens across diverse ancestries. Reproducibility and accuracy were retained when transfusion-relevant targets from the UBDT_PC1 array were incorporated into the UKBB_v2.2 genome-wide typing array. The results represent the potential for significant advancement toward improved patient care by reducing harm in transfusion recipients through extended matching.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2025028902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T15:25:15Z","timestamp":1749655515000},"page":"1511-1524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Array genotyping of transfusion-relevant blood cell antigens in 6946 ancestrally diverse study participants"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"146","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1132-1059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas S.","family":"Gleadall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Haematology, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"2National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2845-5694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianne","family":"Koets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3National Screening Laboratory of Sanquin, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"4Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4994-2157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Shamardina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Haematology, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"2National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3790-7381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Gollub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Microarray Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7787-2792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron J.","family":"Gottschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6National Center for Blood Group Genomics, New York Blood Center Enterprises, Kansas City, MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4989-5565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orod","family":"Razeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Haematology, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"2National Health Service 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Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"8British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"9National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"10Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5678-2799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin J.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"11Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, London, United 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Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"10Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"13British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom"},{"name":"14Human Technopole, Health Data Science Research Centre, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2108-3267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shane","family":"Grimsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"15International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0812-108X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. 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