{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T04:32:10Z","timestamp":1793939530181,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recently demonstrated that early administration of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) after murine allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) inhibits terminal exhaustion of donor T cells and hampers tolerance induction. However, the role of CNIs in regulating T-cell exhaustion in clinical allo-HCT remains to be clarified. It also remains to be elucidated why posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) can reduce chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), despite the administration of CNIs. In this study, we explored the impact of CNIs on donor T-cell exhaustion after PTCy-based haploidentical HCT. In mice, early administration of cyclosporine before PTCy preserved a population of Ly6C+ donor T cells with less exhausted characteristics, as has been shown in non-PTCy allo-HCT. In single-cell analyses of clinical samples from patients undergoing HLA-haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with PTCy (PTCy-haplo-PBSCT), early administration of tacrolimus before PTCy promoted the expansion of effector-like CD8+ intermediate-exhausted T cells (Tex-int) and CD4+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), with the former enriched for both effector- and exhaustion-associated gene signatures, whereas the latter for effector- and CD4+ CTL\u2013specific gene signatures. These subsets retained high responsiveness to T-cell receptor stimulation and PD-1 blockade, and their expansion on day 28 predicted subsequent cGVHD. In contrast, delaying tacrolimus administration until day 5 after PTCy-haplo-PBSCT significantly reduced the expansion of these effector-like T cells. These findings indicate that early CNI exposure favors the persistence of incompletely exhausted and clonally expanded donor T cells with pathogenic potential. Tex-int and CD4+ CTLs may serve as prognostic biomarkers of cGVHD risk and as promising targets for preemptive therapy for cGVHD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2025030909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T17:00:25Z","timestamp":1787590825000},"page":"2423-2435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Early administration of calcineurin inhibitors limits the tolerogenic effect of PTCy in allogeneic hematopoietic transplant"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Kojima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5382-5167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hajime","family":"Senjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"},{"name":"2Department of Hematology, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3198-0796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shihori","family":"Tsukamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5681-6357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayumu","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3188-3988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimpei I.","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Molecular Psychoneuroimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Molecular Psychoneuroimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6718-9109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asako","family":"Moriki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoe","family":"Ichiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8283-4997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toru","family":"Miyajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumika","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3592-9066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinpei","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9925-2093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuta","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Ohigashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9609-3202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahide","family":"Ara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4881-0427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Inamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"8Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Molecular Psychoneuroimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Teshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9489-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daigo","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026110511214612300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V68.1.119.119","article-title":"Marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia: methotrexate alone compared with a combination of methotrexate and cyclosporine for prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"68","author":"Storb","year":"1986","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026110511214612300_bib2","first-page":"2303","article-title":"Phase III study comparing methotrexate and tacrolimus (prograf, FK506) with methotrexate and cyclosporine for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplantation","volume":"92","author":"Ratanatharathorn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026110511214612300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beha.2010.09.016","article-title":"Have we made progress in the management of chronic graft-vs-host disease?","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Haematol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026110511214612300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1203517","article-title":"Peripheral-blood stem cells versus bone marrow from unrelated donors","volume":"367","author":"Anasetti","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026110511214612300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI39165","article-title":"Alloantigen expression on non-hematopoietic cells reduces graft-versus-leukemia effects in mice","volume":"120","author":"Asakura","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026110511214612300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3855","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI41446","article-title":"Nonhematopoietic antigen blocks memory programming of alloreactive CD8+ T cells and drives their eventual exhaustion in mouse models of bone marrow transplantation","volume":"120","author":"Flutter","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026110511214612300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e120974","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.120974","article-title":"Signatures of CD8+ T cell dysfunction in AML patients and their reversibility with response to chemotherapy","volume":"3","author":"Knaus","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026110511214612300_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-01-0329","article-title":"Inhibition of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell function by calcineurin-dependent interleukin-2 production","volume":"108","author":"Zeiser","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026110511214612300_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2013.11.018","article-title":"Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors permit regulatory T cell reconstitution and inhibit experimental chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"20","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026110511214612300_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e92888","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092888","article-title":"Inhibition of calcineurin abrogates while inhibition of mTOR promotes regulatory T cell expansion and graft-versus-host disease protection by IL-2 in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Satake","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026110511214612300_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023019875","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitor inhibits tolerance induction by suppressing terminal exhaustion of donor T cells after allo-HCT","volume":"142","author":"Senjo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026110511214612300_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e170125","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI170125","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibition rescues alloantigen-specific central memory T cell subsets that promote chronic GVHD","volume":"134","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"5032","key":"2026110511214612300_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/210139a0","article-title":"Production of graft-versus-host disease in the rat and its treatment with cytotoxic agents","volume":"210","author":"Santos","year":"1966","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026110511214612300_bib14","first-page":"363","article-title":"Drug-induced tolerance to allografts in mice. VII. Optimal protocol and mechanism of cyclophosphamide-induced tolerance in an H-2 haplotype-identical strain combination","volume":"18","author":"Mayumi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026110511214612300_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.12.3456","article-title":"Durable engraftment of major histocompatibility complex-incompatible cells after nonmyeloablative conditioning with fludarabine, low-dose total body irradiation, and posttransplantation cyclophosphamide","volume":"98","author":"Luznik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026110511214612300_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2008.03.005","article-title":"HLA-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation for hematologic malignancies using nonmyeloablative conditioning and high-dose, posttransplantation cyclophosphamide","volume":"14","author":"Luznik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026110511214612300_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-023-02162-6","article-title":"Posttransplant cyclophosphamide in unrelated and related peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from HLA-matched and 1 allele mismatched donor","volume":"59","author":"Sugita","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026110511214612300_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5554","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023009840","article-title":"Early cessation of calcineurin inhibitors is feasible post-haploidentical blood stem cell transplant: the ANZHIT 1 study","volume":"7","author":"Moore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"25","key":"2026110511214612300_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2215943","article-title":"Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis","volume":"388","author":"Bolanos-Meade","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"2026110511214612300_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-00856","article-title":"Post-transplant cyclophosphamide-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after mismatched unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation","volume":"43","author":"Al Malki","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026110511214612300_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3490","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-05-578583","article-title":"Inhibition of Akt signaling promotes the generation of superior tumor-reactive T cells for adoptive immunotherapy","volume":"124","author":"van der Waart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026110511214612300_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e95103","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.95103","article-title":"Inhibition of AKT signaling uncouples T cell differentiation from expansion for receptor-engineered adoptive immunotherapy","volume":"2","author":"Klebanoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2026110511214612300_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2017.01.014","article-title":"Calcium-NFAT transcriptional signalling in T cell activation and T cell exhaustion","volume":"63","author":"Hogan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026110511214612300_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-00834-9","article-title":"Mitochondrial stress induced by continuous stimulation under hypoxia rapidly drives T cell exhaustion","volume":"22","author":"Scharping","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2026110511214612300_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711772","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.711772","article-title":"T-cell exhaustion status under high and low levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1\u03b1 expression in glioma","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026110511214612300_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0312-6","article-title":"Subsets of exhausted CD8+ T cells differentially mediate tumor control and respond to checkpoint blockade","volume":"20","author":"Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026110511214612300_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)01139-X","article-title":"Molecular and functional profiling of memory CD8 T cell differentiation","volume":"111","author":"Kaech","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026110511214612300_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2776","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1620498114","article-title":"Exhaustion-associated regulatory regions in CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells","volume":"114","author":"Mognol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026110511214612300_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01086-x","article-title":"Hierarchical regulation of the resting and activated T cell epigenome by major transcription factor families","volume":"23","author":"Zhong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026110511214612300_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.13793","article-title":"Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"19","author":"Rezaeifar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"issue":"7786","key":"2026110511214612300_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1805-z","article-title":"c-Jun overexpression in CAR T cells induces exhaustion resistance","volume":"576","author":"Lynn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026110511214612300_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-00965-7","article-title":"BATF regulates progenitor to cytolytic effector CD8+ T cell transition during chronic viral infection","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026110511214612300_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.06.036","article-title":"Blockade of LAG-3 and PD-1 leads to co-expression of cytotoxic and exhaustion gene modules in CD8+ T cells to promote antitumor immunity","volume":"187","author":"Cillo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026110511214612300_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20221288","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20221288","article-title":"CTCF mediates CD8+ effector differentiation through dynamic redistribution and genomic reorganization","volume":"220","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026110511214612300_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.11.011","article-title":"Nonmyeloablative HLA-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation with high-dose posttransplantation cyclophosphamide: effect of HLA disparity on outcome","volume":"16","author":"Kasamon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026110511214612300_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0279-1","article-title":"Myeloablative and reduced-intensity conditioning in HLA-haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation using post-transplant cyclophosphamide","volume":"54","author":"Sugita","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026110511214612300_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2015.10.006","article-title":"Comparison of outcomes of 8\/8 and 7\/8 allele-matched unrelated bone marrow transplantation and single-unit cord blood transplantation in adults with acute leukemia","volume":"22","author":"Terakura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026110511214612300_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4207","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.11.4207","article-title":"Donor-derived interferon gamma separates graft-versus-leukemia effects and graft-versus-host disease induced by donor CD8 T cells","volume":"99","author":"Yang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026110511214612300_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2773","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324084","article-title":"Preferential contribution of B7-H1 to programmed death-1-mediated regulation of hapten-specific allergic inflammatory responses","volume":"33","author":"Tsushima","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026110511214612300_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.02.013","article-title":"Progressive immune dysfunction with advancing disease stage in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"39","author":"Braun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026110511214612300_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.02.004","article-title":"Human epigenetic and transcriptional T cell differentiation atlas for identifying functional T cell-specific enhancers","volume":"55","author":"Giles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026110511214612300_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.07.016","article-title":"LAG-3 and PD-1 synergize on CD8+ T cells to drive T cell exhaustion and hinder autocrine IFN-\u03b3-dependent anti-tumor immunity","volume":"187","author":"Andrews","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026110511214612300_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaan8664","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aan8664","article-title":"Precursors of human CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes identified by single-cell transcriptome analysis","volume":"3","author":"Patil","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026110511214612300_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.11.015","article-title":"Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in cancer: Expanding the immune effector toolbox","volume":"54","author":"Oh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2026110511214612300_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271236","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1271236","article-title":"Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in chronic viral infections and cancer","volume":"14","author":"Malyshkina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026110511214612300_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.01.013","article-title":"Regulation of a late phase of T cell polarity and effector functions by Crtam","volume":"132","author":"Yeh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026110511214612300_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20150519","article-title":"CRTAM determines the CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte lineage","volume":"213","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026110511214612300_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00194","article-title":"CD4 CTL, a cytotoxic subset of CD4+ T cells, their differentiation and function","volume":"8","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026110511214612300_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.005","article-title":"CD8+ T cells in the cancer-immunity cycle","volume":"56","author":"Giles","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026110511214612300_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.5MR1120-778R","article-title":"TCF-1 maintains CD8+ T cell stemness in tumor microenvironment","volume":"110","author":"Wen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026110511214612300_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-024-01843-8","article-title":"Antitumor progenitor exhausted CD8+ T cells are sustained by TCR engagement","volume":"25","author":"Lan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026110511214612300_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0185473","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185473","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms of cyclophosphamide-induced taste loss in mice","volume":"12","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026110511214612300_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-021-04439-6","article-title":"Early administration of cyclosporine may reduce the incidence of cytokine release syndrome after HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide","volume":"100","author":"Kurita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026110511214612300_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2024.01.076","article-title":"Reduced cytokine release syndrome and improved outcomes with earlier immunosuppressive therapy in haploidentical stem cell transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026110511214612300_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2020.06.026","article-title":"Timing of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide administration in haploidentical transplantation: a comparative study on behalf of the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation","volume":"26","author":"Ruggeri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026110511214612300_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.962","article-title":"Combination of reduced post-transplant cyclophosphamide and early tacrolimus initiation increases the incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease in human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation","volume":"5","author":"Terao","year":"2024","journal-title":"EJHaem"}],"container-title":["Blood"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/148\/19\/2423\/2597914\/blood_bld-2025-030909-main.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/148\/19\/2423\/2597914\/blood_bld-2025-030909-main.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T16:22:00Z","timestamp":1793895720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article\/148\/19\/2423\/570468\/Early-administration-of-calcineurin-inhibitors"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2025030909","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-4971","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-0020","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]]}}}