{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T05:09:07Z","timestamp":1793250547969,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"26","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis strategy in haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation remains controversial. In this open-label, phase 3 study, patients aged 14 to 70 years with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes with excess blasts \u2160 or \u2161 were randomized (2:1:1) to receive low-dose antithymocyte globulin (ATG; 5 mg\/kg) plus posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy; 50 mg\/kg; referred to as ATG\/PTCy), standard-dose ATG (total dose, 10 mg\/kg), or a PTCy-based (total dose, 100 mg\/kg) regimen for GVHD prophylaxis. The coprimary end points were the cumulative incidence (CI) of grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD (aGVHD) by day 100 and GVHD-free, relapse-free survival at 1 year after transplant. A total of 407 patients were randomized to receive an ATG\/PTCy (185 patients), ATG (113 patients), or PTCy (109 patients) regimen for GVHD prophylaxis. By day +100, the CI of grade 2 to 4 aGVHD did not differ significantly among the 3 groups (P = .210). Although the overall incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was comparable across all groups (P = .110), the 2-year CI of moderate-to-severe cGVHD was numerically lower in the ATG\/PTCy (17.4%) and ATG (17.3%) groups than the PTCy group (28.3%), without reaching statistical significance (P = .095). No significant differences were observed in survival outcomes among the 3 groups. Notably, the CI of neutrophil and platelet recovery was significantly higher in the ATG\/PTCy group than in the other groups (P&amp;lt; .001). This trial suggested that the 3 GVHD prophylaxis strategies presented similar efficacy in preventing grade 2 to 4 aGVHD and yielded comparable survival. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03608059.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2025032569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T16:59:05Z","timestamp":1773853145000},"page":"3168-3178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A randomized trial of GVHD prophylaxis in haploidentical PBSC transplantation: ATG, PTCy, and low-dose combination therapy"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of 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