{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:13:24Z","timestamp":1784074404156,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Histo-blood group A and B antigens are oligosaccharide antigens important in transfusion and transplantation medicine. The final steps in the synthesis of these antigens are catalyzed by glycosyltransferases encoded by the functional alleles at the ABO locus. Humans have 3 major alleles (A, B, and O), whereas pigs are known to have only A and O alleles. This paper reports the molecular genetic basis of the porcine AO system. The porcine A gene is homologous to the ABO genes in humans and other species. It encodes an \u03b11\u2009\u2192\u20093N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase that synthesizes A antigens. Southern hybridization experiments using a porcine A gene coding-sequence probe failed to identify a corresponding homologous sequence in genomic DNA from group O pigs, thus suggesting a major deletion in the O gene. Therefore, inadvertent activation of a silent O gene seems unlikely in porcine organs xenotransplanted into humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v97.10.3308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T12:46:40Z","timestamp":1027774000000},"page":"3308-3310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Molecular genetic basis of porcine histo-blood group AO system"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Fumiichiro","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Burnham Institute, La Jolla Cancer Research Center, La Jolla, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miyako","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Burnham Institute, La Jolla Cancer Research Center, La Jolla, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2020021223242392500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2000.tb00045.x","article-title":"Molecular genetics of ABO.","volume":"78","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vox Sang."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)40169-5","article-title":"Isolation to homogeneity and partial characterization of a histo-blood group A defined Fuc \u03b1 1 \u2192 2 Gal \u03b11 \u2192 3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from human lung tissue.","volume":"265","author":"Clausen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)40170-1","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of DNA complementary to human UDP-GalNAc: Fuc \u03b1 1 \u2192 2 Gal \u03b1 1 \u2192 3GalNAc transferase (histo-blood group A transferase) mRNA.","volume":"265","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/345229a0","article-title":"Molecular genetic basis of the histo-blood group ABO system.","volume":"345","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1159\/000462338","article-title":"Molecular genetic analysis of the ABO blood group system, 4: another type of O allele.","volume":"64","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Vox Sang."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B6","volume-title":"Blood Group Substances; Their Chemistry and Immunochemistry.","author":"Kabat","year":"1956"},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1038\/158879a0","article-title":"Specific serological characters of the mucoids of hog gastric mucin.","volume":"158","author":"Aminoff","year":"1946","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/164061a0","article-title":"Serological characters of hog gastric mucin.","volume":"164","author":"Chadwick","year":"1949","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(92)91538-2","article-title":"Animal histo-blood group ABO genes.","volume":"189","author":"Kominato","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10515","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.18.10515","article-title":"Amino acid residue at codon 268 determines both activity and nucleotide-sugar donor substrate specificity of human histo-blood group A and B transferases: in vitro mutagenesis study.","volume":"271","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)30652-X","article-title":"Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid substitutions.","volume":"265","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)91662-V","article-title":"Identification in human genomic DNA of the sequence homologous but not identical to either the histo-blood group ABH genes or \u03b1 1 \u2192 3 galactosyltransferase pseudogene.","volume":"175","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00182319","article-title":"cDNA sequence and chromosome localization of pig \u03b1 1,3 galactosyltransferase.","volume":"41","author":"Strahan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunogenetics."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.162.2.573","article-title":"Human natural anti-\u03b1-galactosyl IgG, II: the specific recognition of \u03b1 (1 \u2192 3)-linked galactose residues.","volume":"162","author":"Galili","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1038\/39489","article-title":"Two sets of human-tropic pig retrovirus.","volume":"389","author":"Le Tissier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/35024082","article-title":"Cloned pigs produced by nuclear transfer from adult somatic cells.","volume":"407","author":"Polejaeva","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5482.1188","article-title":"Pig cloning by microinjection of fetal fibroblast nuclei.","volume":"289","author":"Onishi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199601150-00004","article-title":"The \u03b1-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout mouse: implications for xenotransplantation.","volume":"61","author":"Tearle","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.13.1762","article-title":"Expression of the human \u03b11,2-fucosyltransferase in transgenic pigs modifies the cell surface carbohydrate phenotype and confers resistance to human serum-mediated cytolysis.","volume":"13","author":"Costa","year":"1999","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.1.326","article-title":"Incompatible A antigen expressed in tumors of blood group O individuals: immunochemical, immunohistologic, and enzymatic characterization.","volume":"136","author":"Clausen","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/81.15.1151","article-title":"Deletion of histo-blood group A and B antigens and expression of incompatible A antigen in ovarian cancer.","volume":"81","author":"Metoki","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst."},{"key":"2020021223242392500_B22","first-page":"5494","article-title":"Biosynthetic basis of incompatible histo-blood group A antigen expression: anti-A transferase antibodies reactive with gastric cancer tissue of type O individuals.","volume":"53","author":"David","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res."}],"container-title":["Blood"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/97\/10\/3308\/1673492\/h8100103308.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/97\/10\/3308\/1673492\/h8100103308.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:11:21Z","timestamp":1733703081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article\/97\/10\/3308\/89665\/Molecular-genetic-basis-of-porcine-histoblood"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,15]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.v97.10.3308","relation":{},"ISSN":["1528-0020","0006-4971"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1528-0020","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0006-4971","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,15]]}}}