{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T06:44:10Z","timestamp":1775198650050,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Loss of A, B, and H antigens from the surface of red blood cells has been a recurrent observation in patients with hematologic malignancy, particularly those malignancies in which the myeloid lineage is involved. To better understand this phenomenon, a 2-color flow cytometric method was developed to determine quantitative and qualitative alterations of A, B, and H antigens in patients with myeloid malignancies. Characteristic patterns, dependent on the genotype, were seen for healthy individuals from each of the blood groups. Fifty-five percent (16\/29) of patients of blood group A, B, or AB had a proportion of red cells with decreased expression of A or B antigens compared with no changes in 127 healthy A, B, and AB individuals. In most cases, the changes were not detected by routine serologic typing. The loss of A or B antigens was the primary change in 28% (8\/29) of patients. In 17% (5\/29) of patients, loss of A or B antigens was an indirect consequence of loss of the precursor H antigen. Alterations involving both the H and the A or B antigens were seen in 10% (3\/29) of patients. Loss of H was also detected in 21% (6\/28) of group O patients whereas none of 51 healthy O individuals showed changes. Alterations of ABO antigens can now be considered a common event in myeloid malignancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v97.11.3633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T12:46:47Z","timestamp":1027774007000},"page":"3633-3639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Loss of red cell A, B, and H antigens is frequent in myeloid malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Tina","family":"Bianco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Haematology-Oncology and University of Adelaide Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Belinda J.","family":"Farmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Haematology-Oncology and University of Adelaide Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Sage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Haematology-Oncology and University of Adelaide Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Dobrovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Haematology-Oncology and University of Adelaide Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2020021216402748800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/345229a0","article-title":"Molecular genetic basis of the histo-blood group ABO system.","volume":"345","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)30652-X","article-title":"Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid substitutions.","volume":"265","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B3","first-page":"723","article-title":"'Weak A' phenotypes: relationship between red cell agglutinability and antigen site density.","volume":"27","author":"Cartron","year":"1974","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000478290","article-title":"Two A antigens with abnormal serologic properties.","volume":"2","author":"van Loghem","year":"1957","journal-title":"Vox Sang."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B5","volume-title":"Blood Groups in Man.","author":"Race","year":"1975","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B6","volume-title":"Human Blood Groups. Oxford","author":"Daniels","year":"1995"},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197912)44:6<2099::AID-CNCR2820440621>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"A, B, H antigens in transitional cell tumors of the urinary bladder: correlation with the clinical course.","volume":"44","author":"Limas","year":"1979","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199104183241603","article-title":"Expression of blood-group antigen A: a favorable prognostic factor in non-small-cell lung cancer.","volume":"324","author":"Lee","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930701)72:1<75::AID-CNCR2820720116>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Correlation of expression of ABH blood group carbohydrate antigens with metastatic potential in human lung carcinomas.","volume":"72","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910201)67:3<613::AID-CNCR2820670316>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Loss of expression of blood group antigen H is associated with cellular invasion and spread of oral squamous cell carcinomas.","volume":"67","author":"Bryne","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/82.19.1566","article-title":"Altered antigen expression predicts outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.","volume":"82","author":"Wolf","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B12","first-page":"255","article-title":"Blood group antigen expression and prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.","volume":"6","author":"Lindgren","year":"1986","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B13","first-page":"957","article-title":"Blood group antigens in differentiated thyroid neoplasms.","volume":"122","author":"Gonzalez-Campora","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19980413)76:2<284::AID-IJC17>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Histo-blood group A\/B antigen deletion\/reduction vs continuous expression in human tumor cells as correlated with their malignancy.","volume":"76","author":"Ichikawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Cancer."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B15","first-page":"3092","article-title":"Histo-blood group A\/B versus H status of human carcinoma cells as correlated with haptotactic cell motility: approach with A and B gene transfection.","volume":"57","author":"Ichikawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Research."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V57.6.1068.bloodjournal5761068","article-title":"Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: heterogeneity of stem cell origin.","volume":"57","author":"Fialkow","year":"1981","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198805053181803","article-title":"Clonal chromosomal abnormalities showing multiple-cell-lineage involvement in acute myeloid leukemia.","volume":"318","author":"Keinanen","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-4608(93)90122-3","article-title":"Immunophenotype of mitotic cells with clonal chromosome abnormalities demonstrating multilineage involvement in acute myeloid leukemia.","volume":"70","author":"Suciu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0338-4535(84)80084-7","article-title":"Level of the A, B and H blood group glycosyltransferases in red cell membranes from patients with malignant hemopathies.","volume":"27","author":"Salmon","year":"1984","journal-title":"Rev Fr Transfus Immunohematol."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990110410","article-title":"An improved flow cytometric assay for somatic mutations at the glycophorin A locus in humans.","volume":"11","author":"Langlois","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cytometry."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B21","first-page":"67","article-title":"A rapid and reliable PCR method for genotyping the ABO blood group.","volume":"3","author":"O'Keefe","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hum Mutat."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(1996)8:4<358::AID-HUMU9>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"A rapid and reliable PCR method for genotyping the ABO blood group. II: A2 and O2 alleles.","volume":"8","author":"O'Keefe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Mutat."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2000.tb00045.x","article-title":"Molecular genetics of ABO.","volume":"78(suppl 2)","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vox Sang."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B24","first-page":"41","article-title":"Frequency and serological character of changes of group ABH-antigens in blood diseases and malignant tumours.","volume":"14","author":"Majsky","year":"1967","journal-title":"Neoplasma."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.1970.tb00693.x","article-title":"Changes in strength of A antigen in children with acute leukemia.","volume":"10","author":"Starling","year":"1970","journal-title":"Transfusion."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1976.tb03608.x","article-title":"The heterogeneity of erythrocyte antigen distribution in human normal phenotypes: an immunoelectron microscopy study.","volume":"34","author":"Reyes","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B27","first-page":"233","article-title":"Antigen site distribution among weak A1 red cell populations: a study of A3, Ax and Aend variants.","volume":"32","author":"Cartron","year":"1977","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25890","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.41.25890","article-title":"Transcription of human ABO histo-blood group genes is dependent upon binding of transcription factor CBF\/NF-Y to minisatellite sequence.","volume":"272","author":"Kominato","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.2962","article-title":"Human histo-blood group ABO glycosyltransferase genes: different enhancer structures with different transcriptional activities.","volume":"273","author":"Yu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-1878(200004)22:4<381::AID-BIES8>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"To be or not to be active: the stochastic nature of enhancer action.","volume":"22","author":"Fiering","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bioessays."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990120611","article-title":"Quantitative flow cytometric analysis of ABO red cell antigens.","volume":"12","author":"Sharon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cytometry."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1038\/183892a0","article-title":"Changes in the group A antigen in a case of leukaemia.","volume":"183","author":"Gold","year":"1959","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(05)80388-X","article-title":"Localization of the human growth arrest-specific gene (GAS1) to chromosome bands 9q21.3-q22, a region frequently deleted in myeloid malignancies.","volume":"18","author":"Evdokiou","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genomics."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37240","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.52.37240","article-title":"Expression of human histo-blood group ABO genes is dependent upon DNA methylation of the promoter region.","volume":"274","author":"Kominato","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2020021216402748800_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.5.1684.bloodjournal8251684b","article-title":"Imprinting and loss of ABO antigens in leukemia.","volume":"82","author":"Dobrovic","year":"1993","journal-title":"Blood."}],"container-title":["Blood"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/97\/11\/3633\/1674266\/h8110103633.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/97\/11\/3633\/1674266\/h8110103633.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:11:27Z","timestamp":1733703087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article\/97\/11\/3633\/107521\/Loss-of-red-cell-A-B-and-H-antigens-is-frequent-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.v97.11.3633","relation":{},"ISSN":["1528-0020","0006-4971"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1528-0020","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0006-4971","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]}}}