{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:31:18Z","timestamp":1789122678540,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies indicated that aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA]) can have profound immunomodulatory effects by regulating cytokine gene expression in several types of cells. This study is the first in which concentrations of ASA in the therapeutic range were found to significantly reduce interleukin (IL)-4 secretion and RNA expression in freshly isolated and mitogen-primed human CD4+ T cells. In contrast, ASA did not affect IL-13, interferon-\u03b3, and IL-2 expression. ASA inhibited IL-4, but not IL-2, promoter-driven chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression in transiently transfected Jurkat T cells. The structurally unrelated nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs indomethacin and flurbiprofen did not affect cytokine gene expression in T cells, whereas the weak cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor salicylic acid was at least as effective as ASA in inhibiting IL-4 expression and promoter activity. The inhibitory effect of ASA on IL-4 transcription was not mediated by decreased nuclear expression of the known salicylate target nuclear factor (NF)\u2013\u03baB and was accompanied by reduced binding of an inducible factor to an IL-4 promoter region upstream of, but not overlapping, the NF of activated T cells\u2013 and NF-\u03baB\u2013binding P1 element. It is concluded that anti-inflammatory salicylates, by means of a previously unrecognized mechanism of action, can influence the nature of adaptive immune responses by selectively inhibiting the expression of IL-4, a critical effector of these responses, in CD4+ T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v97.6.1742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T12:46:47Z","timestamp":1027774007000},"page":"1742-1749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Selective inhibition of interleukin-4 gene expression in human T cells by aspirin"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Antonella","family":"Cianferoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Medicine and Otolaryngology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John T.","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Medicine and Otolaryngology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Medicine and Otolaryngology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Medicine and Otolaryngology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence M.","family":"Lichtenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Medicine and Otolaryngology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve N.","family":"Georas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Medicine and Otolaryngology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Casolaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Medicine and Otolaryngology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2020021221321931100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1642711","article-title":"Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin: from clinical trials to practice.","volume":"74","author":"Goodnight","year":"1995","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost."},{"key":"2020021221321931100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70330-0","article-title":"Aspirin, NSAIDs, and colon cancer prevention: mechanisms?","volume":"114","author":"Gupta","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"2020021221321931100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/newbio231232a0","article-title":"Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs.","volume":"231","author":"Vane","year":"1971","journal-title":"Nat New Biol."},{"key":"2020021221321931100_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00203-9","article-title":"Mechanism of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.","volume":"104","author":"Vane","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"key":"2020021221321931100_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11693","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.24.11693","article-title":"Selectivity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs as inhibitors of constitutive and inducible cyclooxygenase.","volume":"90","author":"Mitchell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"2020021221321931100_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320102","article-title":"The mechanisms of action of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.","volume":"32","author":"Abramson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"2020021221321931100_B7","first-page":"617","article-title":"Salsalate, a nonacetylated salicylate, is as efficacious as diclofenac in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 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