{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:19:21Z","timestamp":1790936361606,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Standard allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) regimens have been associated with a high transplant-related mortality (TRM) in multiple myeloma (MM). Nonmyeloablative therapy can establish stable engraftment after allo-SCT and maintain the antitumor effect with less toxicity, which is important in heavily pretreated and elderly patients. We report on 16 poor-risk MM patients receiving allo-SCT from an HLA-matched (n\u2009=\u200914) or mismatched (n\u2009=\u20092) sibling following conditioning with melphalan 100 mg\/m2 (MEL-100). Ten patients had refractory relapse, 4 responsive relapse, and 2 patients were in near complete remission (nCR) with poor-prognosis disease. Patients had received 1 (n\u2009=\u20099) or 2 (n\u2009=\u20097) prior autotransplants. Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) were given to 14 patients with no clinical evidence of graft versus host disease (GVHD) either to attain full donor chimerism (n\u2009=\u20094) or to eradicate residual disease (n\u2009=\u200910). Fifteen patients showed myeloid engraftment, and 12 patients were full donor chimeras at day +21. No TRM was observed during the first 100 days. Acute GVHD developed in 10 patients; 1 had fatal grade IV GVHD. Seven progressed to chronic GVHD, limited in 3 and extensive in 4 patients. At a median follow-up of 1 year, 5 patients achieved and sustained CR, 3 nCR, and 4 partial remission. Of 4 patients progressing after transplantation, 3 achieved a remission following further chemotherapy and DLI. Remarkable graft versus myeloma responses were seen in chemotherapy-refractory patients. Two patients died of progressive disease, and 3 died of GVHD complications without active disease. GVHD remains a major problem with this procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v97.9.2574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T08:46:47Z","timestamp":1027759607000},"page":"2574-2579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["High response rate in refractory and poor-risk multiple myeloma after allotransplantation using a nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen and donor lymphocyte infusions"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Badros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Barlogie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raman","family":"Desikan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara R.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikhil","family":"Munshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Zangari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayesh","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Toor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Cottler-Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Fassas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Anaissie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Schichman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Tricot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Myeloma and Transplantation Research Center and Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Veterans Health System, Little Rock, AR."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2020021217260890600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4008","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.12.4008","article-title":"Results of high-dose therapy for 1000 patients with multiple myeloma: durable complete remissions and superior survival in the absence of chromosome 13 abnormalities.","volume":"95","author":"Desikan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.6.1312","article-title":"Prognostic factors in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma.","volume":"13","author":"Gahrton","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B3","first-page":"126","article-title":"Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of multiple myeloma. An overview of published reports.","volume":"13(suppl 2)","author":"Cavo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stem Cells."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.7.2787.bloodjournal8872787","article-title":"Allogeneic marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma: an analysis of risk factors on outcome.","volume":"88","author":"Bensinger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8588(05)70420-2","article-title":"Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.","volume":"11","author":"Bensinger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701362","article-title":"Allogeneic transplantation of unmanipulated peripheral blood stem cells in patients with multiple myeloma.","volume":"22","author":"Majolino","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B7","first-page":"188","article-title":"Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma.","volume":"47","author":"Gahrton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pathol Biol."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4711","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.12.4711.bloodjournal88124711","article-title":"Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation versus autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: a retrospective case-matched study from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.","volume":"88","author":"Bjorkstrand","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B9","first-page":"930","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction-based detection of minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation.","volume":"85","author":"Martinelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.16.3031","article-title":"Donor lymphocyte infusions for relapsed multiple myeloma after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation: predictive factors for response and long-term outcome.","volume":"18","author":"Lokhorst","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1702187","article-title":"Changes in T cell receptor repertoire associated with graft-versus-tumor effect and graft-versus-host disease in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma after donor lymphocyte infusion.","volume":"25","author":"Orsini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/00062752-199911000-00007","article-title":"Donor lymphocyte infusions.","volume":"6","author":"Dazzi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr Opin Hematol."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3109\/10428199809068567","article-title":"Donor lymphocyte infusion for the treatment of relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","volume":"29","author":"Helg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma."},{"key":"2020021217260890600_B14","first-page":"621","article-title":"Reinventing bone marrow transplantation. 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