{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:33:53Z","timestamp":1787243633048,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Kaposi sarcoma\u2013associated herpesvirus (KSHV)\u2013related multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is potentially lethal. Growing evidence indicates that, as in Epstein-Barr virus\u2013driven lymphoproliferative disorders after transplantation, KSHV DNA burden in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) may represent the most accurate marker of disease activity. This report describes a patient with human immunodeficiency virus who was followed up clinically and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for KSHV DNA sequences in PBMCs for more than 3 years following the diagnosis of KSHV-related MCD. Therapy with the antiherpesvirus agent cidofovir, antihuman interleukin-6 antibody BE-8, antiblastic chemotherapy, and combination antiretroviral agents did not achieve durable clinical or virologic remission of the disease. By contrast, administration of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab was well tolerated and allowed a 14-month remission of clinical symptoms and KSHV viremia. Rituximab should be added to the therapeutic armamentarium for KSHV-related MCD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v98.12.3473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T08:46:40Z","timestamp":1027759600000},"page":"3473-3475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Long-term remission of Kaposi sarcoma\u2013associated herpesvirus-related multicentric Castleman disease with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"Corbellino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Bestetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Scalamogna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Calattini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morena","family":"Galazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Meroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Manganaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Fasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Moroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Parravicini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan; and the First Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Pathology, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","reference":[{"key":"2020021221150833300_B1","volume-title":"Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus\/human herpesvirus 8. Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans.","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"1997"},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B2","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Expression of a virus-derived cytokine, KSHV v-IL6, in HIV seronegative Castleman's disease.","volume":"6","author":"Parravicini","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B3","first-page":"346","article-title":"Castleman's disease and related disorders.","volume":"5","author":"Frizzera","year":"1988","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7725108","article-title":"Herpes-like sequences in HIV-infected and uninfected Kaposi's sarcoma patients.","volume":"268","author":"Ambroziak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64940-1","article-title":"Differential viral protein expression in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-infected diseases: Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease.","volume":"156","author":"Parravicini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4546","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.8.4546","article-title":"Distribution of human herpesvirus-8 latently infected cells in Kaposi's sarcoma, multicentric Castleman's disease, and primary effusion lymphoma.","volume":"96","author":"Dupin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.4.1502.004k40_1502_1505","article-title":"CD20 monoclonal antibody (Rituximab) for therapy of Epstein-Barr lymphoma after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.","volume":"95","author":"Kuehnle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B8","first-page":"9.14","volume-title":"Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual.","author":"Sambrook","year":"1989","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1996.12.651","article-title":"Restricted tissue distribution of extra-lesional KS-associated herpesvirus-like (KSHV) DNA sequences in AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma.","volume":"12","author":"Corbellino","year":"1996","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retrovir."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B10"},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5345.1969","article-title":"Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus infection and multiple myeloma.","volume":"278","author":"Parravicini","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403033300904","article-title":"Alleviation of systemic manifestations of Castleman's disease by monoclonal anti-interleukin-6 antibody.","volume":"330","author":"Beck","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V86.4.1276.bloodjournal8641276","article-title":"Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in multicentric Castleman's disease.","volume":"86","author":"Soulier","year":"1995","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.6.1120","article-title":"Human herpesvirus-8 DNA sequences and Epstein-Barr virus in giant lymph-node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease).","volume":"22","author":"Corbellino","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1086\/593567","article-title":"Exacerbation of clinical symptoms in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected patients with multicentric Castleman's disease are associated with a high increase in Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.","volume":"175","author":"Grandadam","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.6.2069","article-title":"High levels of human herpesvirus 8 viral load, human interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and C reactive protein correlate with exacerbation of multicentric Castleman disease in HIV-infected patients.","volume":"96","author":"Oksenhendler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.5.1165","article-title":"Frequent monitoring of Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in unfractionated whole blood is essential for early detection of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in high-risk patients.","volume":"97","author":"Stevens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119380","article-title":"Sensitivity of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication to antiviral drugs: implications for potential therapy.","volume":"99","author":"Kedes","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B19","first-page":"150","article-title":"Involvement of human interleukin-6 in systemic manifestations of human herpesvirus type 8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease [letter].","volume":"13","author":"Foussat","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.6.1590","article-title":"Treatment of B-lymphoproliferative disorder with a monoclonal anti-interleukin-6 antibody in 12 patients: a multicenter phase 1-2 clinical trial.","volume":"97","author":"Haddad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199601000-00009","article-title":"Multicentric Castleman's disease in HIV infection: a clinical and pathological study of 20 patients.","volume":"10","author":"Oksenhendler","year":"1996","journal-title":"AIDS."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.4.1406.004k26_1406_1412","article-title":"HHV-8 is associated with plasmablastic variant of Castleman's disease that is linked to HHV-8 positive plasmablastic lymphoma.","volume":"95","author":"Dupin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10187","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.21.10187-10193.2000","article-title":"A new primary effusion lymphoma-derived cell line that yields a highly infectious Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus-containing supernatant.","volume":"74","author":"Cannon","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"2020021221150833300_B24"}],"container-title":["Blood"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/98\/12\/3473\/1678535\/h8230103473.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article-pdf\/98\/12\/3473\/1678535\/h8230103473.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]],"date-time":"2020-02-12T21:16:38Z","timestamp":1581542198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article\/98\/12\/3473\/53176\/Longterm-remission-of-Kaposi-sarcomaassociated"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.v98.12.3473","relation":{},"ISSN":["1528-0020","0006-4971"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1528-0020","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0006-4971","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]}}}