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Off-study patients belonged to a higher risk category (P\u2009=\u2009.002) and had a higher percentage of blasts in their pretherapy bone marrow than patients who completed 12 weeks of therapy (P\u2009=\u2009.003). No cytogenetic or complete responses were seen, but 16 patients showed hematologic improvement, with 10 previously transfusion-dependent patients becoming transfusion independent. Responders had lower pretherapy blasts (P\u2009=\u2009.016), a lower duration of pretherapy platelet transfusions (P\u2009=\u2009.013), and higher pretherapy platelets (P\u2009=\u2009.003). Among responders, 9 had refractory anemia (RA); 5 had RA with ringed sideroblasts; and 2 had RA with excess blasts. By ITT analysis, 19% of patients (16 of 83) responded, and when only evaluable patients were analyzed, 31% (16 of 51) responded. It was concluded that thalidomide, as a single agent, is effective in improving cytopenias of some MDS patients, especially those who present without excess blasts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v98.4.958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T08:46:47Z","timestamp":1027759607000},"page":"958-965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":244,"title":["Thalidomide produces transfusion independence in long-standing refractory anemias of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Azra","family":"Raza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Rush Cancer Institute, Rush-Presbyterian\u2013St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL, and the Celgene Corporation, Warren, NJ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the 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