{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:20:38Z","timestamp":1785799238703,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human T-cell leukemia\u2013lymphoma virus (HTLV) type-2 can induce the survival and proliferation of CD34+ TF-1 cells deprived of interleukin (IL)-3. This effect did not require productive infection and occurred when HTLV-2 was produced from T cells (CMo), but not from B cells (BMo), unless the latter virus was complexed with anti\u2013HLA-DR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Cellular and molecular mechanisms triggered by HTLV-2 interaction with TF-1 cells were here investigated. Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5 protein occurred in TF-1 cells incubated either with IL-3 or with HTLV-2\/CMo; in addition the virus, but not IL-3, activated STAT1. The effect of HTLV-2 required several hours, suggesting dependence on the induction of cellular factors. By screening a panel of secreted factors, granulocyte macrophage\u2013colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-\u03b3, and stem cell factor (SCF) were found induced by HTLV-2 in TF-1 cells. Of note is the fact that these molecules induce a variety of biologic effects through the activation of STAT proteins, including STAT1 and STAT5. Neutralization experiments indicated that GM-CSF and IFN-\u03b3, but not SCF, were responsible for HTLV-2\u2013induced STAT activation, whereas anti\u2013GM-CSF antibodies greatly inhibited TF-1 cell proliferation. Finally, incubation of BMo virus with anti\u2013HLA-DR mAb rescued TF-1 cell survival in the absence of IL-3. Thus, HTLV-2 interaction with CD34+ precursor cells may lead to the expression of cytokines that, by inducing autocrine activation of STATs, may influence the host's regenerative capacity and immune response to HTLV-2 and to other infectious agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v99.1.224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T12:46:40Z","timestamp":1027774000000},"page":"224-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Human T-cell leukemia virus type 2 induces survival and proliferation of CD34+ TF-1 cells through activation of STAT1 and STAT5 by secretion of interferon-\u03b3 and granulocyte macrophage\u2013colony-stimulating factor"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bovolenta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; the 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