{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T19:35:09Z","timestamp":1793907309541,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting CD19 has significantly improved outcomes in the treatment of refractory or relapsed large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). We evaluated the long-term course of hematologic recovery, immune reconstitution, and infectious complications in 41 patients with LBCL treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) at a single center. Grade 3+ cytopenias occurred in 97.6% of patients within the first 28 days postinfusion, with most resolved by 6 months. Overall, 63.4% of patients received a red blood cell transfusion, 34.1% of patients received a platelet transfusion, 36.6% of patients received IV immunoglobulin, and 51.2% of patients received growth factor (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) injections beyond the first 28 days postinfusion. Only 40% of patients had recovered detectable CD19+ B cells by 1 year, and 50% of patients had a CD4+ T-cell count &amp;lt;200 cells per \u03bcL by 18 months postinfusion. Patients with durable responses to axi-cel had significantly longer durations of B-cell aplasia, and this duration correlated strongly with the recovery of CD4+ T-cell counts. There were significantly more infections within the first 28 days compared with any other period of follow-up, with the majority being mild-moderate in severity. Receipt of corticosteroids was the only factor that predicted risk of infection in a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 3.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-16.5). Opportunistic infections due to Pneumocystis jirovecii and varicella-zoster virus occurred up to 18 months postinfusion in patients who prematurely discontinued prophylaxis. These results support the use of comprehensive supportive care, including long-term monitoring and antimicrobial prophylaxis, beyond 12 months after axi-cel treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020002732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,10]],"date-time":"2021-01-10T21:12:42Z","timestamp":1610313162000},"page":"143-155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Immune reconstitution and infectious complications following axicabtagene ciloleucel therapy for large B-cell lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8291-6546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John H.","family":"Baird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA;"},{"name":"Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, 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