{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:05:43Z","timestamp":1789099543543,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With the growing knowledge of multiple myeloma (MM) pathobiology and the introduction of novel therapies, risk stratification continues to evolve. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages, derived from peripheral blood monocytes, support malignant plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow. Because peripheral blood absolute monocyte count (AMC) is thought to reflect the bone marrow microenvironment, we sought to evaluate the prognostic significance of AMC in MM. We retrospectively analyzed 10 822 patients newly diagnosed with MM between 2000 and 2019 at Veteran\u2019s Administration hospitals. We obtained AMC closest to diagnosis and every 3 months thereafter up to 2.5 years. Patients were stratified into 4 groups: low, normal, elevated, and severely elevated AMC (&amp;lt;0.2, 0.2-&amp;lt;0.8, 0.8-&amp;lt;1.25, and \u22651.25 \u00d7 103\/mm3, respectively). Abnormal AMC at diagnosis was observed in 25.3% of the patients and was associated with an inferior overall survival (OS). In patients with low, severely elevated, elevated, and normal AMC, respectively, median OS at diagnosis was 2.3, 2.7, 3.1, and 3.6 years (P\u00a0&amp;lt; .001) and at 2.5 years was 2.0, 2.6, 3.4, and 3.9 years (P\u00a0&amp;lt; .001). Patients with normal AMC at diagnosis who developed an abnormal AMC &amp;gt;1 year after diagnosis also had an inferior OS relative to patients who maintained a normal AMC. Abnormal AMC was also associated with inferior OS independent of validated prognostic markers, including the international staging system and lactate dehydrogenase. Our findings provide novel clues for future prospective studies on the functional role of monocytes in MM, which could be a readily available metric for risk stratification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022008021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T12:45:56Z","timestamp":1669034756000},"page":"482-490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Peripheral blood monocyte count is a dynamic prognostic biomarker in multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2601-0667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille V.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Section of Hematology\/Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1775-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Section of Hematology\/Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA"},{"name":"2Hematology and Oncology Department, Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cenk","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cooperative Studies Program Informatics Center, Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9377-9129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7413-2271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina P.","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6142-0285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mara E.","family":"Murray Horwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathanael R.","family":"Fillmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cooperative Studies Program Informatics Center, Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, Boston, MA"},{"name":"5Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikhil C.","family":"Munshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Hematology and Oncology Department, Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA"},{"name":"5Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2023081515544442100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20138","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2012","volume":"62","author":"Siegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"15 suppl","key":"2023081515544442100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8039","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.8039","article-title":"Continued improvement in survival in multiple myeloma (MM) 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