{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T14:19:17Z","timestamp":1781101157904,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Among indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas (iNHLs), the analysis of measurable\/minimal residual disease (MRD) has been extensively applied to follicular lymphoma (FL). Treatment combinations have deeply changed over the years, as well as the techniques to measure MRD, which is currently evaluated only in the setting of clinical trials. Here, we discuss the evidence on the role of molecular monitoring in the management of FL. Mature data support the quantification of molecular tumor burden at diagnosis as a tool to stratify patients in risk categories and of MRD evaluation at the end of treatment to predict progression-free survival and overall survival. Moreover, MRD deserves further studies as a tool to refine the clinical\/metabolic response and to modulate treatment intensity\/duration. Patients with a higher relapse probability can be identified, but the relevance of continuous molecular follow-up should be clarified by kinetic models of MRD analysis. Being the BCL2\/heavy chain immunoglobulin gene hybrid rearrangement detectable in about 50% to 60% of advanced FL and in 30% of positron emission tomography\/computed tomography\u2013staged localized FL, technical advancements such as next-generation sequencing\/target locus amplification may allow broadening the FL population carrying a molecular marker. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction can better quantify MRD at low levels, and novel sources of DNA, such as cell-free DNA, may represent a noninvasive tool to monitor MRD. Finally, MRD in other iNHLs, such as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma\/Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia and marginal zone lymphoma, is beginning to be explored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2021000312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T12:12:19Z","timestamp":1639138339000},"page":"320-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Does MRD have a role in the management of iNHL?"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Ilaria Del","family":"Giudice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene Della","family":"Starza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Fo\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121012070836600_hem2021000312C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9151-8_9","article-title":"MRD detection in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas using Ig gene rearrangements and chromosomal translocations as targets for real-time quantitative PCR","volume":"1956","author":"Pott","year":"2019","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2021121012070836600_hem2021000312C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00528","article-title":"The minimal residual disease in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: from the laboratory to the clinical practice","volume":"9","author":"Galimberti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121012070836600_hem2021000312C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-018-0594-1","article-title":"Minimal residual disease in indolent lymphomas: a critical assessment","volume":"19","author":"Grimaldi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121012070836600_hem2021000312C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00400","article-title":"Cause of death in follicular lymphoma in the first decade of the rituximab era: a pooled analysis of French and US cohorts","volume":"37","author":"Sarkozy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"23","key":"2021121012070836600_hem2021000312C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.59.7534","article-title":"Early relapse of follicular lymphoma after rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone defines patients at high risk for death: an analysis from the National LymphoCare Study","volume":"33","author":"Casulo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121012070836600_hem2021000312C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e359","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(18)30090-5","article-title":"Aristotle Consortium. 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